Dashboard 1. Quality of human development

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	Dashboard 1. Quality of human development
	Country groupings (terciles)
	Top third	Middle third		Bottom third
	Three-colour coding is used to visualize partial grouping of countries by indicator. For each indicator countries are divided into three groups of approximately equal size (terciles): the top third, the middle third and the bottom third. Aggregates are colour coded using the same tercile cutoffs. See Notes after the table.
										SDG4.c		SDG4.a		SDG4.1								SDG 7.1		SDG 6.1		SDG 6.2
		Quality of health						Quality of education												Quality of standard of living
		Lost health expectancy		Physicians		Hospital beds		Pupil-teacher ratio, primary school		Primary school teachers trained to teach		Proportion of schools with access to the Internet		Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) score						Vulnerable employment	a	Rural population with access to electricity		Population using improved drinking-water sources		Population using improved sanitation facilities
HDI rank	Country	(%)		(per 10,000 people)				(pupils per teacher)		(%)				Mathematics	b	Reading	c	Science	c	(% of total employment)		(%)
		2016		2007-2017	d	2007-2014	d	2012-2017	d	2009-2017	d	2008-2013	d	2015		2015		2015		2017		2016		2015		2015
	VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1	Norway	11.5		43.9		33		9		..		100		502		513		498		5.2		100.0		100.0		98.1
2	Switzerland	11.8		42.5		50		10		..		..		521		492		506		9.5		100.0		100.0		99.9
3	Australia	11.9		35.0		39		..		..		..		494		503		510		10.8		100.0		100.0		100.0
4	Ireland	11.5		29.6		29		16		..		..		504		521		503		11.9		100.0		98.9		92.2
5	Germany	11.7		41.9		82		12		..		..		506		509		509		6.0		100.0		100.0		99.2
6	Iceland	11.4		37.9		32		10		..		..		488		482		473		7.8		100.0		100.0		98.8
7	Hong Kong, China (SAR)	..		..		..		14		97		100		548		527		523		6.0		..		100.0		96.3
7	Sweden	12.1		41.9		27		12		..		100		494		500		493		6.4		100.0		100.0		99.3
9	Singapore	8.1		22.8		20		..		..		100	e	564		535		556		8.3		..		100.0		100.0
10	Netherlands	11.7		34.8		47		12		..		..		512		503		509		12.7		100.0		100.0		97.7
11	Denmark	11.6		36.6		35		11		..		100		511		500		502		5.8		100.0		100.0		99.6
12	Canada	11.6		25.4		27		..		..		..		516		527		528		11.0		100.0		98.9		98.5
13	United States	12.7		25.7		29		14		..		..		470		497		496		6.3		100.0		99.2		100.0
14	United Kingdom	11.6		28.3		29		17		..		100		492		498		509		13.1		100.0		100.0		99.1
15	Finland	12.0		32.0		55		13		..		100		511		526		531		10.1		100.0		100.0		99.4
16	New Zealand	11.4		30.6		23		14		..		..		495		509		513		12.2		100.0		100.0		100.0
17	Belgium	11.8		30.1		65		11		..		100		507		499		502		10.8		100.0		100.0		99.5
17	Liechtenstein	..		..		..		8		..		..		..		..		..		..		100.0		100.0		100.0
19	Japan	11.2		23.7		137		16		..		99	e	532		516		538		8.8		100.0		98.9		100.0
20	Austria	11.6		52.3		76		10		..		100		497		485		495		8.1		100.0		100.0		100.0
21	Luxembourg	11.9		29.2		54		8		..		..		486		481		483		6.1		100.0		100.0		97.6
22	Israel	11.4		35.8		33		12		..		..		470		479		467		12.2		100.0		100.0		100.0
22	Korea (Republic of)	11.7		23.3		103		17		..		100		524		517		516		24.1		100.0		99.6		99.9
24	France	11.5		32.4		64		18		..		..		493		499		495		7.6		100.0		100.0		98.7
25	Slovenia	12.8		28.2		46		17		..		..		510		505		513		10.6		100.0		99.5		99.1
26	Spain	11.2		38.7		31		13		..		100		486		496		493		11.9		100.0		99.9		99.9
27	Czechia	12.5		36.8		68		19		..		100		492		487		493		14.2		100.0		99.9		99.1
28	Italy	11.6		40.2		34		12		..		..		490		485		481		17.7		100.0		100.0		99.3
29	Malta	11.4		39.1		48		13		..		100		479		447		465		8.8		100.0		100.0		100.0
30	Estonia	12.4		34.3		53		11		..		99		520		519		534		5.7		100.0		99.6		99.6
31	Greece	11.3		62.6		48		10		..		..		454		467		455		26.5		100.0		100.0		99.0
32	Cyprus	9.1		25.0		35		12		..		100		437		443		433		12.6		100.0		100.0		99.4
33	Poland	11.9		22.9		65		10		..		81		504		506		501		17.0		100.0		97.9		98.1
34	United Arab Emirates	13.6		15.6		11		25		100		..		427		434		437		0.4		100.0		99.6		100.0
35	Andorra	..		36.9		25		10		100		100		..		..		..		..		100.0		100.0		100.0
35	Lithuania	11.9		43.8		70		13		..		100		478		472		475		10.2		100.0		97.4		93.6
37	Qatar	12.1		19.6		12		12		49		53		402		402		418		0.2		100.0		100.0		100.0
38	Slovakia	11.8		34.5		60		15		..		..		475		453		461		12.2		100.0		97.9		98.9
39	Brunei Darussalam	11.1		17.5		28		10		85		100		..		..		..		5.1		100.0		99.5		96.3
39	Saudi Arabia	12.2		25.7		21		12		100		..		..		..		..		3.0		100.0		100.0		100.0
41	Latvia	11.8		32.1		59		11		..		100		482		488		490		8.9		100.0		98.6		92.9
41	Portugal	11.7		44.3		34		13		..		..		492		498		501		13.1		100.0		99.9		99.4
43	Bahrain	13.9		9.2		21		12		84		100		..		..		..		1.8		100.0		100.0		100.0
44	Chile	12.3		10.3		21		18		..		78	e	423		459		447		23.9		100.0		100.0		99.9
45	Hungary	12.0		30.9		72		11		..		99		477		470		477		5.9		100.0		100.0		98.0
46	Croatia	11.9		31.3		59		14		..		100		464		487		475		8.7		100.0		99.6		97.5
47	Argentina	11.1		39.1		47		..		..		36		456	f	475	f	475	f	21.4		100.0		99.6		94.8
48	Oman	14.8		19.2		17		..		..		90		..		..		..		9.1		100.0		90.9		99.3
49	Russian Federation	11.7		39.8		97		20		..		80	e	494		495		487		6.3		100.0		96.4		88.8
50	Montenegro	11.3		23.4		40		..		..		..		418		427		411		11.7		100.0		97.6		95.9
51	Bulgaria	11.3		40.0		64		18		..		..		441		432		446		8.2		100.0		99.3		86.0
52	Romania	11.4		26.7		61		19		..		..		444		434		435		25.7		100.0		100.0		81.8
53	Belarus	11.8		40.7		113		18		99		61	e	..		..		..		2.7		100.0		98.0		94.3
54	Bahamas	11.7		22.6		29		19		90		..		..		..		..		14.6		100.0		97.8		92.0
55	Uruguay	10.7		37.4		25		12		100		96		418		437		435		23.9		100.0		99.2		95.7
56	Kuwait	11.3		26.1		22		9		79		..		..		..		..		1.9		100.0		100.0		100.0
57	Malaysia	11.5		15.3		19		12		100		91		..		..		..		22.2		100.0		96.4		99.6
58	Barbados	11.4		18.1		62		13		69		100	e	..		..		..		15.9		100.0		98.1		96.5
58	Kazakhstan	10.9		32.7		72		21		100		97		..		..		..		25.6		100.0		91.1		97.8
	HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
60	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	13.6		14.9		1		27		100		87		..		..		..		41.4		100.0		94.9		88.3
60	Palau	..		11.9		48		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		97.2		99.6		100.0
62	Seychelles	10.4		9.8		36		14		83		..		..		..		..		..		100.0		96.3		100.0
63	Costa Rica	11.0		11.5		12		12		94		39		400		427		420		14.0		100.0		99.7		97.1
64	Turkey	13.6		17.5		25		18		..		86		420		428		425		28.5		100.0		98.9		96.4
65	Mauritius	12.0		20.0		34		18		100		85		..		..		..		16.2		100.0		99.9		93.1
66	Panama	11.0		15.9		22		22		99		22		..		..		..		32.2		81.3		95.0		76.9
67	Serbia	11.7		24.6		54		15		56		..		..		..		..		28.1		100.0		91.2		94.6
68	Albania	10.8		12.9		26		18		..		96		413		405		427		57.2		100.0		91.4		97.7
69	Trinidad and Tobago	11.9		18.2		27		..		88		56	e	417		427		425		16.5		100.0		96.9		92.1
70	Antigua and Barbuda	10.7		..		21		14		65		88		..		..		..		..		96.5		96.7		87.5
70	Georgia	10.6		47.8		26		9		95		100		404		401		411		57.0		100.0		93.3		84.9
72	Saint Kitts and Nevis	..		..		23		14		72		100		..		..		..		..		100.0		..		..
73	Cuba	11.6		75.2		53		9		100		..		..		..		..		10.3		100.0		95.2		90.8
74	Mexico	11.6		22.3		15		27		97		12	e,g	408		423		416		27.2		100.0		98.3		89.2
75	Grenada	11.8		..		35		15		63		61		..		..		..		..		92.3		95.6		78.3
76	Sri Lanka	11.2		8.8		36		23		70		18		..		..		..		40.1		94.6		92.3		94.2
77	Bosnia and Herzegovina	13.1		18.9		35		17		..		100		..		..		..		20.9		100.0		97.7		94.8
78	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	10.8		..		9		..		..		..		..		..		..		31.9		96.4		97.4		94.9
79	Brazil	12.1		18.5		23		22		..		46		377		407		401		27.9		100.0		97.5		86.1
80	Azerbaijan	11.2		34.0		47		15		90		27	e	..		..		..		56.1		100.0		84.4		89.3
80	Lebanon	13.4		23.8		35		12		..		..		396		347		386		25.6		100.0		92.3		95.4
80	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	11.5		28.8		45		14		..		..		371		352		384		22.8		100.0		96.8		90.9
83	Armenia	11.4		28.0		39		..		..		100		..		..		..		41.6		100.0		98.9		91.6
83	Thailand	11.5		4.7		21		17		100		98		415		409		421		50.2		100.0		98.2		95.0
85	Algeria	14.2		12.1		17		24		100		53		360		350		376		27.9		99.0		93.5		87.5
86	China	10.1		36.3		38		17		..		..		531	h	494	h	518	h	33.0		100.0		95.8		75.0
86	Ecuador	11.3		16.7		16		25		82		22		..		..		..		45.6		99.8		92.6		86.1
88	Ukraine	11.7		30.0		90		13		86		..		..		..		..		15.6		100.0		97.7		95.9
89	Peru	11.1		11.2		15		18		..		..		387		398		397		50.3		75.6		89.9		76.8
90	Colombia	10.7		18.2		15		24		95		71	e	390		425		416		47.1		95.7		96.5		84.4
90	Saint Lucia	12.1		1.0		16		15		79		100		..		..		..		29.1		98.4		98.2		90.9
92	Fiji	12.3		8.4		21		28		100		..		..		..		..		38.4		98.0		93.7		95.7
92	Mongolia	11.3		32.6		68		30		100		91		..		..		..		46.9		44.2		83.2		59.2
94	Dominican Republic	11.2		14.9		17		19		85		5	e	328		358		332		40.9		100.0		94.5		82.7
95	Jordan	10.6		34.3		18		18		100		85		380		408		409		9.5		100.0		98.6		96.7
95	Tunisia	12.8		12.9		21		16		100		81		367		361		386		20.8		100.0		94.2		93.1
97	Jamaica	12.0		4.7		17		26		100		93	e,i	..		..		..		37.9		96.0		92.9		85.4
98	Tonga	12.5		5.6		26		22		97		..		..		..		..		54.5		96.6		99.9		93.5
99	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	11.9		..		52		15		84		68		..		..		..		9.1		100.0		95.1		87.2
100	Suriname	12.0		..		31		14		100		6	i,j	..		..		..		13.6		69.3		94.7		79.2
101	Botswana	13.1		3.8		18		23		99		23		..		..		..		15.0		37.5		79.2		60.0
101	Maldives	11.0		36.1		43		10		83		100	e	..		..		..		20.7		100.0		97.9		95.9
103	Dominica	..		..		38		13		66		71		..		..		..		..		100.0		96.5		77.9
104	Samoa	12.2		3.4		10		..		..		..		..		..		..		32.0		100.0		95.5		96.6
105	Uzbekistan	10.7		24.5		44		21		99		..		..		..		..		24.7		100.0		..		100.0
106	Belize	11.3		8.3		11		21		73		..		..		..		..		26.8		88.4		97.1		87.2
106	Marshall Islands	..		4.6		27		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		89.1		78.2		86.9
108	Libya	13.4		20.9		37		..		..		..		..		..		..		36.0		96.4		96.8		99.7
108	Turkmenistan	10.0		22.9		40		..		..		..		..		..		..		21.1		100.0		94.5		96.6
110	Gabon	11.5		4.1		63		..		..		..		..		..		..		32.2		55.0		87.5		40.9
110	Paraguay	12.0		12.9		13		24		92		9		..		..		..		39.1		96.1		98.9		91.2
112	Moldova (Republic of)	11.1		32.0		62		17		99		..		420		416		428		28.7		100.0		86.7		78.4
	MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
113	Philippines	11.0		..		10		30		100		12	e,k	..		..		..		35.4		86.3		90.5		75.0
113	South Africa	12.4		8.2		28		30		..		..		..		..		..		9.6		67.9		84.7		73.1
115	Egypt	13.3		8.1		5		23		74		49		..		..		..		20.1		100.0		98.4		93.2
116	Indonesia	11.0		2.0		9		14		..		42	k	386		397		403		47.5		94.8		89.5		67.9
116	Viet Nam	11.5		8.2		20		20		100		..		495		487		525		55.9		100.0		91.2		78.2
118	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	11.9		4.7		11		18		58		..		..		..		..		31.3		79.1		92.9		52.6
119	Palestine, State of	..		..		..		24		100		30	l	..		..		..		39.9		100.0		87.6		96.0
120	Iraq	15.5		8.5		13		..		..		..		..		..		..		35.2		100.0		86.1		85.7
121	El Salvador	11.1		16.0		11		28		96		24		..		..		..		35.7		98.8		93.0		91.1
122	Kyrgyzstan	11.0		18.5		48		25		21		6		..		..		..		36.5		100.0		87.3		96.6
123	Morocco	14.1		6.2		9		27		100		3		..		..		..		50.7		100.0		83.0		83.5
124	Nicaragua	11.4		9.1		9		..		75		6	k	..		..		..		39.4		56.6		82.3		76.3
125	Cabo Verde	11.8		7.9		21		21		93		..		..		..		..		37.5		91.8		86.5		65.2
125	Guyana	11.9		2.1		20		23		70		4	e,k	..		..		..		29.7		81.9		95.1		86.2
127	Guatemala	12.3		9.0		6		22		..		..		..		..		..		34.7		86.4		93.6		67.4
127	Tajikistan	10.4		17.1		55		22		100		..		..		..		..		47.5		100.0		74.1		95.5
129	Namibia	12.2		3.7		27		..		96		..		..		..		..		25.3		28.7		78.8		33.8
130	India	13.9		7.6		7		35		70		..		..		..		..		77.5		77.6		87.6		44.2
131	Micronesia (Federated States of)	12.3		1.8		32		20		..		..		..		..		..		..		70.7		88.4		..
132	Timor-Leste	13.8		0.8		59		..		..		..		..		..		..		49.4		49.2		70.2		44.0
133	Honduras	11.2		..		7		28		..		..		..		..		..		36.1		72.2		92.2		79.8
134	Bhutan	14.1		3.8		18		38		100		43	e	..		..		..		71.5		100.0		97.6		62.9
134	Kiribati	12.6		2.0		13		26		73		..		..		..		..		..		82.2		64.4		39.8
136	Bangladesh	12.9		4.7		6		34		50		5	e	..		..		..		57.5		68.9		97.3		46.9
137	Congo	11.8		1.0		16		44		80		..		..		..		..		74.9		22.6		68.3		15.0
138	Vanuatu	12.9		1.9		17		27		28		..		..		..		..		73.5		46.4		90.5		53.5
139	Lao People's Democratic Republic	12.1		4.9		15		23		97		..		..		..		..		82.9		80.3		80.4		72.6
140	Ghana	11.1		1.0		9		27		55		..		..		..		..		66.1		66.6		77.8		14.3
141	Equatorial Guinea	9.7		..		21		23		37		..		..		..		..		35.7		52.6		49.6		74.5
142	Kenya	11.7		2.0		14		31		97		..		..		..		..		54.3		39.3		58.5		29.8
143	Sao Tome and Principe	11.7		..		29		31		27		..		..		..		..		34.1		51.1		79.7		40.1
144	Eswatini (Kingdom of)	13.1		1.5		21		28		82		..		..		..		..		19.1		61.2		67.6		58.0
144	Zambia	12.8		0.9		20		48		93		..		..		..		..		77.6		2.7		61.2		31.1
146	Cambodia	12.4		1.4		7		43		100		7	e	..		..		..		51.0		36.5		75.0		48.8
147	Angola	10.9		1.4		8		..		47		..		..		..		..		66.7		16.0		41.0		39.4
148	Myanmar	12.6		5.7		6		22		98		..		..		..		..		58.2		39.8		67.5		64.7
149	Nepal	12.7		6.0		50		21		97		5		..		..		..		78.9		85.2		87.7		46.1
150	Pakistan	13.2		9.8		6		48		75		..		..		..		..		59.7		98.8		88.5		58.3
151	Cameroon	12.1		0.8		13		43		59		..		..		..		..		71.7		21.3		65.3		38.8
	LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
152	Solomon Islands	12.9		1.9		13		25		66		..		..		..		..		62.7		41.5		64.0		31.3
153	Papua New Guinea	11.9		0.6		..		45		100		..		..		..		..		74.7		15.5		36.6		18.6
154	Tanzania (United Republic of)	11.6		0.2		7		43		99		..		..		..		..		83.5		16.9		50.1		23.5
155	Syrian Arab Republic	12.6		15.5		15		..		..		..		..		..		..		35.6		100.0		96.7		92.9
156	Zimbabwe	11.4		0.8		17		36		86		..		..		..		..		65.7		15.6		66.6		38.6
157	Nigeria	11.3		4.0		5		..		66		..		..		..		..		80.4		41.1		67.3		32.6
158	Rwanda	11.9		0.6		16		58		90		..		..		..		..		80.0		17.8		56.7		62.3
159	Lesotho	11.9		..		13		34		83		10		..		..		..		59.0		15.7		71.6		43.8
159	Mauritania	11.8		0.7		4		36		85		..		..		..		..		45.0		2.3	m	69.6		44.6
161	Madagascar	11.8		1.4		2		41		15		..		..		..		..		85.4		17.3		50.6		9.7
162	Uganda	12.2		0.9		5		43		..		..		..		..		..		74.5		18.0		38.9		19.2
163	Benin	12.5		1.5		5		45		69		..		..		..		..		88.0		18.0		67.0		13.9
164	Senegal	12.0		0.7		3		32		70		5		..		..		..		44.3		38.3		75.2		48.4
165	Comoros	11.5		..		22		28		75		..		..		..		..		63.9		72.2		83.7		34.2
165	Togo	11.0		0.5		7		41		73		..		..		..		..		80.3		19.4		62.8		13.9
167	Sudan	14.4		30.6		8		..		60		4		..		..		..		40.5		22.2		58.9		34.6
168	Afghanistan	15.5		3.0		5		44		..		..		..		..		..		66.1		79.0		63.0		39.2
168	Haiti	12.9		..		13		..		..		..		..		..		..		87.5		0.5	n	64.2		30.5
170	Côte d'Ivoire	11.6		1.4		4		43		100		..		..		..		..		73.3		38.1		73.1		29.9
171	Malawi	12.5		0.2		13		70		91		..		..		..		..		59.9		4.0		67.2		43.5
172	Djibouti	11.3		2.3		14		30		100		..		..		..		..		39.1		2.0	o	76.9		51.4
173	Ethiopia	12.2		0.2		63		..		85		2		..		..		..		88.2		26.5		39.1		7.1
174	Gambia	12.1		1.1		11		39		88		..		..		..		..		71.2		15.5		80.1		41.7
175	Guinea	12.8		0.8		3		46		75		..		..		..		..		90.1		6.9		67.4		22.0
176	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	13.2		0.9		8		33		95		..		..		..		..		53.5		0.4	m	41.8		19.7
177	Guinea-Bissau	13.5		0.5		10		..		39		..		..		..		..		65.3		4.0	m	69.2		21.5
178	Yemen	15.7		3.1		7		27		..		..		..		..		..		43.6		57.7		70.4		59.7
179	Eritrea	11.6		..		7		43		61		..		..		..		..		46.3		39.3		19.3		11.3
180	Mozambique	13.2		0.6		7		55		93		..		..		..		..		84.6		5.0		47.3		23.6
181	Liberia	13.3		0.2		8		30		47		..		..		..		..		77.7		1.3		69.9		16.9
182	Mali	12.6		0.9		1		39		52		..		..		..		..		87.9		1.8		74.3		31.3
183	Burkina Faso	12.2		0.5		4		42		73		..		..		..		..		87.2		0.8		53.9		22.5
184	Sierra Leone	10.3		0.2		4		37		54		..		..		..		..		87.7		2.5		58.1		14.5
185	Burundi	12.5		..		19		50		100		..		..		..		..		92.4		1.7		55.9		50.5
186	Chad	13.0		0.4		4		57		65		..		..		..		..		91.5		2.2		42.5		9.5
187	South Sudan	13.6		..		..		47		44		..		..		..		..		49.7		5.9		50.4		10.4
188	Central African Republic	15.3		0.5		10		83		58		..		..		..		..		67.5		0.4		54.1		25.1
189	Niger	12.1		0.2		3		36		56		..		..		..		..		88.5		4.7		45.8		12.9
	OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
..	Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	10.2		35.1		132		21		..		..		..		..		..		66.0		39.2		99.6		77.1
..	Monaco	..		66.5		138		14		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		100.0		100.0
..	Nauru	..		13.9		50		40		100		..		..		..		..		..		..		100.0		65.6
..	San Marino	..		63.6		38		6		..		..		..		..		..		..		100.0		100.0		100.0
..	Somalia	9.7		0.3		..		..		..		..		..		..		..		72.3		11.6		40.0		16.2
..	Tuvalu	..		10.9		..		13		..		..		..		..		..		..		98.5		99.3		91.4
	Human development groups
	Very high human development	11.8		30.8		58		14		..		—		—		—		—		10.4		100.0		99.0		97.9
	High human development	10.9		29.2		32		18		..		—		—		—		—		33.1		99.4		96.0		81.0
	Medium human development	13.0		6.7		9		29		75		—		—		—		—		63.2		78.9		86.9		54.1
	Low human development	12.5		3.2		13		41		80		—		—		—		—		75.1		24.4		56.6		27.6
	Developing countries	12.0		15.6		20		25		..		—		—		—		—		50.0		74.4		86.1		61.7
	Regions
	Arab States	13.6		13.5		12		20		89		—		—		—		—		26.3		78.9		87.1		81.2
	East Asia and the Pacific	10.5		27.5		31		17		..		—		—		—		—		37.9		94.0		93.5		74.6
	Europe and Central Asia	12.0		24.7		51		18		..		—		—		—		—		26.8		100.0		95.0		95.8
	Latin America and the Caribbean	11.6		20.4		20		22		..		—		—		—		—		32.3		90.5		96.2		85.6
	South Asia	13.7		7.8		8		35		71		—		—		—		—		72.1		79.8		88.4		48.3
	Sub-Saharan Africa	12.0		1.9		15		39		79		—		—		—		—		72.2		23.2		57.7		28.1
	Least developed countries	12.7		3.2		14		37		76		—		—		—		—		70.5		31.2		61.5		32.0
	Small island developing states	12.0		25.7		27		19		92		—		—		—		—		46.9		47.9		78.6		61.6
	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development	12.0		28.5		50		16		..		—		—		—		—		12.7		100.0		99.3		98.2
	World	12.0		18.3		27		23		..		—		—		—		—		42.6		76.3		88.3		67.7

Notes

Three-colour coding is used to visualize partial grouping of countries and aggregates by indicator.For each indicator countries
are divided into three groups of approximately equal size (terciles): the top third, the middle third and the bottom third. Aggregates are colour coded using the same tercile cutoffs. See Technical note 6 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2018_technical_notes.pdf for details about partial grouping in this table.

a. Estimates modelled by the International Labour Organization.

b. Average score for Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries is 490.

c. Average score for OECD countries is 493.

d. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.

e. Public institutions only.

f. Refers to the adjudicated region of Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires.

g. Refers only to International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) level 2.

h. Refers to the provinces of Beijing, Guangdong, Jiangsu and Shanghai.

i. Refers only to ISCED level 3.

j. There are no private institutions at ISCED level 3.

k. Refers only to ISCED levels 1 and 2.

l. Refers to West Bank schools only.

m. Refers to 2014.

n. Refers to 2013.

o. Refers to 2015.

Definitions

Lost health expectancy: Relative difference between life expectancy and healthy life expectancy, expressed as the percentage of life expectancy at birth.

Physicians: Number of medical doctors (physicians), both generalists and specialists, expressed per 10,000 people.

Hospital beds: Number of hospital beds available, expressed per 10,000 people.

Pupil-teacher ratio, primary school:Average number of pupils per teacher in primary education.

Primary school teachers trained to teach: Percentage of primary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (preservice or in-service) required for teaching at the primary level.

Proportion of schools with access to the Internet: Proportion of primary and secondary schools with access to the Internet for educational purposes.

Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) score: Score obtained in testing of skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students in mathematics, reading and science.

Vulnerable employment: Percentage of employed people engaged as unpaid family workers and own-account workers.

Rural population with access to electricity: People living in rural areas with access to electricity, expressed as a percentage of the total rural population. It includes electricity sold commercially (both on grid and off grid) and self-generated electricity but excludes unauthorized connections.

Population using improved drinking-water sources: Percentage of the population using improved drinking-water sources,
which by nature of their construction and design are likely to protect the source from outside contamination, in particular from faecal matter. Improved drinking water sources
include piped water into a dwelling, plot or yard; a public tap or standpipe, a tube well or borehole, a protected dug well, a protected spring and rainwater collection.

Population using improved sanitation facilities: Percentage of the population using improved sanitation facilities,
which hygienically separate human excreta from human contact. Improved sanitation facilities include flush or pour-flush toilets to a piped sewer system, a septic tank or pit
latrine, a ventilated improved pit latrine, a pit latrine with slab and a composting toilet. Sanitation facilities that are shared with other households or open to public use are
not considered improved.

Main data sources

Column 1: HDRO calculations based on data on healthy life expectancy at birth and life expectancy at birth from WHO (2018).

Columns 2, 3, 12 and 13: WHO (2018).

Columns 4 and 5: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2018).

Column 6: WSIS (2014)

Columns 7-9: OECD (2017b).

Column 10: ILO (2018a).

Column 11: World Bank (2018a).