Table 4: Gender Development Index (GDI)

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Gender Development Index Human
Development Index (HDI)		 Life expectancy at birth Expected years of schooling Mean years of schooling Estimated gross national income per capita a
Value Group b Value (years) (years) (years) (2011 PPP $)
HDI rank Country Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male
2015 2015 2015 2015 2015 2015 2015 c 2015 c 2015 c 2015 c 2015 2015
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1 Norway 0.993 1 0.944 0.951 83.7 79.7 18.3 17.1 12.8 12.7 59,800 75,314
2 Australia 0.978 1 0.927 0.948 84.6 80.5 20.9 d 20.0 d 13.4 13.0 34,271 51,386
2 Switzerland 0.974 2 0.926 0.951 85.1 81.0 16.0 16.1 13.3 13.5 46,798 66,116
4 Germany 0.964 2 0.908 0.942 83.4 78.7 16.9 17.3 12.9 e 13.6 e 35,878 54,440
5 Denmark 0.970 2 0.910 0.938 82.3 78.5 20.0 d 18.4 d 12.6 12.9 36,857 52,293
5 Singapore 0.985 1 0.913 0.927 86.2 80.1 15.5 15.3 11.1 f 12.1 f 60,787 96,001 g
7 Netherlands 0.946 3 0.895 0.946 83.5 79.9 18.2 d 18.1 d 11.6 12.2 30,117 62,773
8 Ireland 0.976 1 0.909 0.931 83.1 79.0 18.6 d 18.6 d 12.5 11.9 33,497 54,135
9 Iceland 0.965 2 0.905 0.938 84.2 81.2 20.1 d 17.9 12.2 e 12.6 e 30,530 43,576
10 Canada 0.983 1 0.911 0.926 84.1 80.2 16.8 15.9 13.3 h 12.9 h 33,288 52,026
10 United States 0.993 1 0.915 0.922 81.6 76.9 17.3 15.8 13.2 13.2 42,272 64,410
12 Hong Kong, China (SAR) 0.964 2 0.903 0.937 87.0 81.4 15.8 15.5 11.5 12.4 39,525 70,921
13 New Zealand 0.963 2 0.896 0.930 83.7 80.3 20.0 d 18.5 d 12.6 12.5 24,413 41,718
14 Sweden 0.997 1 0.909 0.911 84.0 80.6 16.6 15.1 12.4 12.2 40,328 52,181
15 Liechtenstein .. .. .. .. .. .. 13.5 15.9 .. .. .. ..
16 United Kingdom 0.964 2 0.890 0.924 82.7 78.9 16.7 15.9 13.2 13.4 26,324 49,872
17 Japan 0.970 2 0.887 0.914 86.9 80.4 15.2 15.5 12.6 e 12.4 e 25,385 49,818
18 Korea (Republic of) 0.929 3 0.863 0.929 85.2 78.8 15.8 17.3 11.5 12.9 21,308 47,934
19 Israel 0.973 2 0.884 0.909 84.2 80.8 16.5 15.5 12.8 12.7 23,323 39,239
20 Luxembourg 0.966 2 0.881 0.911 84.1 79.6 14.0 13.7 11.6 12.3 47,539 77,291 g
21 France 0.988 1 0.892 0.902 85.2 79.4 16.6 15.9 11.5 11.8 31,742 44,776
22 Belgium 0.978 1 0.881 0.901 83.4 78.5 16.7 15.9 11.2 f 11.6 f 32,416 50,358
23 Finland 1.000 1 0.895 0.895 83.8 78.2 17.6 16.5 11.5 h 11.1 h 32,069 45,882
24 Austria 0.957 2 0.870 0.909 84.0 79.1 16.2 15.6 10.8 e 11.8 e 29,829 57,888
25 Slovenia 1.003 1 0.890 0.888 83.5 77.6 18.1 16.7 11.9 12.2 25,654 31,726
26 Italy 0.963 2 0.865 0.899 85.7 80.9 16.7 15.9 10.5 11.0 22,910 44,844
27 Spain 0.974 2 0.870 0.894 85.4 80.0 18.0 17.4 9.6 10.0 24,382 41,500
28 Czech Republic 0.983 1 0.869 0.883 81.6 75.9 17.6 16.1 12.1 12.6 20,997 35,543
29 Greece 0.957 2 0.844 0.883 84.0 78.2 17.1 17.3 10.3 10.8 17,304 32,683
30 Brunei Darussalam 0.986 1 0.854 0.866 80.9 77.2 15.4 14.6 9.0 h 9.1 h 55,402 89,256 g
30 Estonia 1.032 2 0.878 0.851 81.4 72.2 17.3 15.7 13.0 e 12.2 e 21,976 31,347
32 Andorra .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10.2 10.3 .. ..
33 Cyprus 0.979 1 0.846 0.864 82.6 78.2 14.7 13.8 11.6 11.9 23,450 35,227
33 Malta 0.923 4 0.817 0.885 82.4 79.0 14.3 15.0 10.9 11.6 17,295 41,802
33 Qatar 0.991 1 0.851 0.859 80.1 77.5 13.5 13.3 10.9 9.5 50,324 159,897 g
36 Poland 1.006 1 0.857 0.852 81.5 73.6 17.2 15.5 11.9 12.0 18,928 29,658
37 Lithuania 1.032 2 0.861 0.834 79.1 67.9 17.1 16.0 12.7 12.7 22,147 30,530
38 Chile 0.966 2 0.829 0.858 84.7 79.0 16.6 16.1 9.8 10.0 14,955 28,556
38 Saudi Arabia 0.882 5 0.779 0.884 75.9 73.2 15.3 17.0 9.0 10.0 19,300 75,923 g
40 Slovakia 0.991 1 0.838 0.846 80.0 72.7 15.5 14.4 12.0 12.3 20,173 33,770
41 Portugal 0.980 1 0.833 0.850 84.0 78.2 16.5 16.6 8.9 8.9 21,095 31,673
42 United Arab Emirates 0.972 2 0.815 0.838 78.7 76.5 13.9 12.9 10.6 e 8.7 e 27,257 80,420 g
43 Hungary 0.988 1 0.830 0.840 78.8 71.6 16.0 15.2 12.0 f 12.1 f 17,787 29,567
44 Latvia 1.025 2 0.840 0.820 79.0 69.3 16.6 15.5 12.0 fh 11.6 fh 18,824 27,031
45 Argentina 0.982 1 0.813 0.828 80.2 72.6 18.4 16.1 9.7 h 10.0 h 12,875 29,367
45 Croatia 0.997 1 0.827 0.830 80.8 74.2 16.0 14.6 11.2 11.6 16,932 23,897
47 Bahrain 0.970 2 0.806 0.831 77.8 75.9 15.1 13.7 9.4 i 9.4 i 25,717 44,303
48 Montenegro 0.955 2 0.789 0.827 78.6 74.2 15.7 15.0 10.7 j 12.0 j 11,757 19,149
49 Russian Federation 1.016 1 0.809 0.796 75.9 64.6 15.3 14.7 12.0 12.1 17,868 29,531
50 Romania 0.990 1 0.796 0.805 78.4 71.3 15.1 14.4 10.3 11.0 16,272 22,786
51 Kuwait 0.972 2 0.769 0.791 75.9 73.6 13.6 12.4 7.4 6.9 35,164 107,991 g
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
52 Belarus 1.021 1 0.803 0.786 77.3 65.7 16.1 15.1 11.9 12.1 12,327 19,433
52 Oman 0.927 3 0.755 0.814 79.4 75.3 13.9 13.6 7.7 i 8.5 i 15,703 43,894
54 Barbados 1.006 1 0.795 0.791 78.1 73.3 16.7 13.9 10.6 j 10.3 j 11,801 18,377
54 Uruguay 1.017 1 0.799 0.786 80.8 73.7 16.6 14.4 8.8 8.3 14,608 24,014
56 Bulgaria 0.984 1 0.789 0.801 77.8 70.9 15.3 14.8 10.8 e 11.2 e 12,979 19,736
56 Kazakhstan 1.006 1 0.795 0.790 74.3 64.8 15.4 14.6 11.7 h 11.7 h 16,364 28,226
58 Bahamas .. .. .. .. 78.5 72.5 .. .. 11.5 10.5 18,070 25,209
59 Malaysia .. .. .. .. 77.3 72.6 .. .. 10.0 10.8 17,170 32,208
60 Palau .. .. .. .. .. .. 17.6 13.7 .. .. .. ..
60 Panama 0.997 1 0.783 0.785 80.9 74.8 13.2 12.4 10.3 9.5 14,550 24,365
62 Antigua and Barbuda .. .. .. .. 78.6 73.7 14.6 13.3 .. .. .. ..
63 Seychelles .. .. .. .. 78.2 69.1 14.8 13.5 .. .. .. ..
64 Mauritius 0.954 2 0.759 0.796 78.2 71.1 15.5 14.8 8.8 9.5 10,540 25,539
65 Trinidad and Tobago 1.004 1 0.786 0.783 74.2 67.1 14.3 k 12.3 k 10.8 11.0 21,104 35,179
66 Costa Rica 0.969 2 0.762 0.786 82.1 77.2 14.5 13.8 8.7 8.7 9,955 18,052
66 Serbia 0.969 2 0.763 0.787 77.9 72.2 14.8 13.9 10.3 11.4 9,600 14,932
68 Cuba 0.946 3 0.750 0.792 81.6 77.6 14.4 13.5 11.5 i 12.0 i 5,013 9,874
69 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.862 5 0.700 0.812 76.7 74.5 14.6 15.0 8.5 h 9.1 h 5,132 27,499
70 Georgia 0.970 2 0.754 0.777 78.5 71.3 14.1 13.7 12.3 12.2 6,105 11,871
71 Turkey 0.908 4 0.724 0.797 78.7 72.3 14.0 15.0 7.0 8.8 10,648 27,035
71 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 1.028 2 0.776 0.754 78.6 70.4 15.4 13.2 9.7 9.0 11,579 18,709
73 Sri Lanka 0.934 3 0.734 0.785 78.4 71.7 14.3 13.6 10.3 h 11.4 h 6,067 15,869
74 Saint Kitts and Nevis .. .. .. .. .. .. 13.8 13.5 .. .. .. ..
75 Albania 0.959 2 0.747 0.778 80.6 75.6 14.4 14.0 9.5 9.8 7,365 13,186
76 Lebanon 0.893 5 0.709 0.793 81.5 77.9 13.0 13.6 8.3 i 8.7 i 5,844 20,712
77 Mexico 0.951 2 0.737 0.775 79.4 74.6 13.5 13.1 8.2 8.6 10,710 22,115
78 Azerbaijan 0.940 3 0.732 0.779 74.1 67.8 12.6 12.7 10.3 12.0 11,029 21,845
79 Brazil 1.005 1 0.754 0.751 78.5 71.0 15.7 14.7 8.1 7.5 10,672 17,736
79 Grenada .. .. .. .. 76.0 71.1 16.2 15.3 .. .. .. ..
81 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.923 4 0.721 0.781 79.2 74.1 14.8 14.0 7.8 10.6 6,950 13,261
82 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 0.947 3 0.725 0.765 77.9 73.2 13.0 12.8 8.9 j 9.8 j 9,050 15,790
83 Algeria 0.854 5 0.665 0.779 77.5 72.7 14.6 14.1 6.6 e 8.5 e 4,022 22,926
84 Armenia 0.993 1 0.736 0.741 78.7 71.1 13.8 11.4 11.3 11.3 5,535 11,258
84 Ukraine 1.000 1 0.741 0.741 76.0 66.2 15.5 15.1 11.3 h 11.3 h 5,791 9,181
86 Jordan 0.864 5 0.670 0.776 75.9 72.6 13.4 12.9 9.7 10.7 3,203 16,694
87 Peru 0.959 2 0.723 0.754 77.5 72.2 13.5 13.2 8.4 9.5 8,939 13,655
87 Thailand 1.001 1 0.740 0.739 78.0 71.3 14.1 13.1 7.7 8.2 12,938 16,145
89 Ecuador 0.976 1 0.730 0.748 78.9 73.4 14.4 13.9 8.2 8.4 8,278 12,795
90 China 0.954 2 0.718 0.753 77.5 74.5 13.7 13.4 7.2 e 7.9 e 10,705 15,830
91 Fiji .. .. .. .. 73.4 67.3 .. .. 10.9 h 10.2 h 4,695 11,676
92 Mongolia 1.026 2 0.744 0.725 74.2 65.6 15.5 14.2 10.0 i 9.5 i 8,809 12,122
92 Saint Lucia 0.986 1 0.729 0.740 78.0 72.5 13.4 12.9 9.4 i 9.3 i 8,033 11,617
94 Jamaica 0.975 2 0.719 0.738 78.2 73.5 13.1 12.6 9.7 h 9.6 h 6,628 10,086
95 Colombia 1.004 1 0.731 0.728 77.8 70.7 14.5 13.3 7.6 e 7.5 e 10,215 15,389
96 Dominica .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
97 Suriname 0.972 2 0.709 0.730 74.6 68.2 13.0 12.0 8.2 i 8.5 i 10,501 21,512
97 Tunisia 0.904 4 0.680 0.752 77.4 72.7 15.1 14.2 6.7 e 7.8 e 4,662 15,967
99 Dominican Republic 0.990 1 0.717 0.724 76.9 70.6 13.7 12.7 7.9 7.5 9,281 16,256
99 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines .. .. .. .. 75.2 71.0 13.5 i 13.1 i .. .. 7,600 13,095
101 Tonga 0.969 2 0.707 0.730 76.0 70.1 14.6 14.0 11.0 11.1 3,959 6,602
102 Libya 0.950 2 0.691 0.727 74.8 69.0 13.6 13.2 7.7 e 7.0 e 7,163 21,364
103 Belize 0.967 2 0.693 0.716 73.1 67.4 13.0 12.5 10.5 10.5 5,360 9,402
104 Samoa .. .. .. .. 77.0 70.7 13.3 12.5 .. .. 3,444 7,182
105 Maldives 0.937 3 0.676 0.721 78.0 76.0 12.8 k 12.7 k 6.2 f,k 6.3 f,k 7,155 13,591
105 Uzbekistan 0.946 3 0.672 0.711 71.9 65.1 11.8 12.2 11.8 12.3 3,891 7,668
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
107 Moldova (Republic of) 1.010 1 0.702 0.695 75.9 67.6 12.1 11.6 12.0 11.8 4,461 5,637
108 Botswana 0.984 1 0.693 0.704 66.9 62.2 12.8 12.5 9.2 e 9.5 e 13,278 16,050
109 Gabon 0.923 4 0.669 0.725 65.7 64.1 12.5 12.7 7.3 k 9.0 k 15,838 22,177
110 Paraguay 0.966 2 0.679 0.703 75.2 70.9 12.6 12.0 8.1 8.2 6,138 10,165
111 Egypt 0.884 5 0.640 0.724 73.6 69.2 13.0 13.2 6.4 h 7.9 h 4,750 15,267
111 Turkmenistan .. .. .. .. 70.0 61.6 10.6 11.0 .. .. 9,359 18,856
113 Indonesia 0.926 3 0.660 0.712 71.2 67.0 12.9 12.9 7.4 8.5 6,668 13,391
114 Palestine, State of 0.867 5 0.616 0.710 75.1 71.1 13.7 12.1 8.6 9.3 1,766 8,651
115 Viet Nam 1.010 1 0.687 0.681 80.6 71.2 12.9 12.5 7.9 e 8.2 e 4,834 5,846
116 Philippines 1.001 1 0.682 0.681 71.9 65.0 12.1 11.4 9.5 f 9.2 f 6,845 9,917
117 El Salvador 0.958 2 0.663 0.691 77.7 68.6 13.0 13.3 6.2 6.9 5,386 10,385
118 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 0.934 3 0.650 0.695 71.3 66.3 13.5 14.1 7.6 8.8 4,695 7,610
119 South Africa 0.962 2 0.651 0.677 59.5 55.5 13.6 12.5 10.2 10.5 8,795 15,489
120 Kyrgyzstan 0.967 2 0.648 0.671 74.8 66.8 13.3 12.7 10.9 e 10.7 e 2,123 4,090
121 Iraq 0.804 5 0.569 0.708 71.8 67.4 9.7 k 11.5 k 5.4 j 7.8 j 3,552 19,467
122 Cabo Verde .. .. .. .. 75.2 71.6 13.9 13.1 .. .. 4,030 8,123
123 Morocco 0.826 5 0.579 0.700 75.3 73.3 11.5 12.6 3.8 h 6.4 h 3,388 11,091
124 Nicaragua 0.961 2 0.629 0.654 78.2 72.2 11.9 11.4 6.8 h 6.4 h 3,150 6,389
125 Guatemala 0.959 2 0.624 0.651 75.6 68.5 10.5 11.0 6.3 6.3 5,132 9,081
125 Namibia 0.986 1 0.635 0.644 67.5 62.5 11.8 11.5 6.9 h 6.5 h 7,971 11,667
127 Guyana 0.943 3 0.615 0.652 68.9 64.2 10.5 10.2 8.5 e 8.4 e 4,346 9,397
127 Micronesia (Federated States of) .. .. .. .. 70.3 68.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..
129 Tajikistan 0.930 3 0.604 0.650 73.4 66.3 10.6 11.9 9.6 k 11.2 k 2,100 3,088
130 Honduras 0.942 3 0.600 0.637 75.9 70.9 11.6 10.9 6.2 6.1 2,680 6,254
131 India 0.819 5 0.549 0.671 69.9 66.9 11.9 11.3 4.8 e 8.2 e 2,184 8,897
132 Bhutan 0.900 5 0.573 0.637 70.1 69.6 12.6 12.4 2.1 j 4.2 j 5,657 8,308
133 Timor-Leste 0.858 5 0.558 0.651 70.4 66.8 12.1 13.7 3.6 k 5.3 k 3,124 7,549
134 Vanuatu .. .. .. .. 74.3 70.2 10.4 11.1 .. .. 2,139 3,453
135 Congo 0.932 3 0.568 0.610 64.4 61.4 11.0 11.3 5.5 e 6.7 e 4,731 6,274
135 Equatorial Guinea .. .. .. .. 59.4 56.6 .. .. 4.0 k 7.3 k 17,462 25,375
137 Kiribati .. .. .. .. 69.5 63.0 12.3 11.5 .. .. .. ..
138 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0.924 4 0.560 0.607 68.0 65.2 10.4 11.2 4.5 j 5.6 j 4,408 5,696
139 Bangladesh 0.927 3 0.556 0.599 73.3 70.7 10.4 9.9 5.0 e 5.6 e 2,379 4,285
139 Ghana 0.899 5 0.545 0.606 62.5 60.5 11.1 11.7 5.8 h 7.9 h 3,200 4,484
139 Zambia 0.924 4 0.555 0.601 62.9 58.8 12.1 13.0 6.4 h 7.4 h 2,803 4,126
142 Sao Tome and Principe 0.907 4 0.542 0.597 68.6 64.5 12.2 11.7 4.7 5.9 2,000 4,149
143 Cambodia 0.892 5 0.529 0.592 70.8 66.7 10.1 11.7 3.7 5.5 2,650 3,563
144 Nepal 0.925 4 0.538 0.582 71.5 68.6 12.7 12.2 3.2 j 5.0 j 1,979 2,718
145 Myanmar .. .. .. .. 68.2 64.0 .. .. 4.9 h 4.9 h 4,182 5,740
146 Kenya 0.919 4 0.531 0.577 64.1 60.3 10.8 11.4 5.7 h 7.0 h 2,357 3,405
147 Pakistan 0.742 5 0.452 0.610 67.4 65.4 7.4 8.8 3.7 6.5 1,498 8,376
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
148 Swaziland 0.853 5 0.495 0.580 48.1 49.6 11.0 11.8 6.4 j 7.2 j 5,078 10,020
149 Syrian Arab Republic 0.851 5 0.475 0.558 76.6 63.9 8.9 9.0 4.6 5.6 835 4,007
150 Angola .. .. .. .. 54.2 51.2 8.7 14.0 .. .. 5,073 7,527
151 Tanzania (United Republic of) 0.937 3 0.512 0.546 66.9 64.1 8.3 9.3 5.4 6.2 2,359 2,576
152 Nigeria 0.847 5 0.482 0.569 53.4 52.7 9.2 10.8 4.9 k 7.1 k 4,132 6,706
153 Cameroon 0.853 5 0.474 0.555 57.1 54.8 9.6 11.3 4.6 e 7.4 e 2,340 3,448
154 Papua New Guinea .. .. .. .. 65.0 60.7 .. .. 3.7 h 5.3 h 2,362 3,047
154 Zimbabwe 0.927 3 0.496 0.535 60.7 57.7 10.2 10.5 7.3 8.2 1,360 1,822
156 Solomon Islands .. .. .. .. 69.6 66.7 9.1 i 10.1 i .. .. 1,061 2,045
157 Mauritania 0.818 5 0.454 0.555 64.7 61.7 8.4 8.5 3.3 h 5.4 h 1,608 5,422
158 Madagascar 0.948 3 0.500 0.527 67.0 64.0 10.2 10.5 6.7 6.1 1,091 1,549
159 Rwanda 0.992 1 0.491 0.495 67.4 61.8 11.4 9.3 3.3 4.4 1,428 1,822
160 Comoros 0.817 5 0.437 0.535 65.3 61.9 10.9 11.3 3.7 5.6 715 1,945
160 Lesotho 0.962 2 0.485 0.505 50.0 49.9 11.2 10.3 7.0 f 5.3 f 2,631 4,020
162 Senegal 0.886 5 0.464 0.523 68.8 64.9 9.2 9.7 2.1 i 3.6 i 1,706 2,814
163 Haiti .. .. .. .. 65.3 61.0 .. .. 3.9 e 6.6 e 1,370 1,950
163 Uganda 0.878 5 0.459 0.523 61.1 57.3 9.9 10.1 4.5 i 6.8 i 1,266 2,075
165 Sudan 0.839 5 0.441 0.526 65.3 62.2 7.0 7.4 3.0 4.1 1,902 5,775
166 Togo 0.841 5 0.444 0.528 60.9 59.4 10.8 13.1 3.2 k 6.3 k 1,116 1,412
167 Benin 0.858 5 0.461 0.538 61.2 58.3 10.5 13.7 2.8 e 4.3 e 1,673 2,287
168 Yemen 0.737 5 0.400 0.543 65.4 62.7 7.6 10.4 1.9 e 4.2 e 1,045 3,530
169 Afghanistan 0.609 5 0.348 0.572 62.0 59.5 8.3 i 13.1 i 1.6 h 5.8 h 511 3,148
170 Malawi 0.921 4 0.455 0.495 64.8 62.9 10.7 10.8 3.8 h 5.0 h 972 1,175
171 Côte d'Ivoire 0.814 5 0.421 0.517 52.8 51.1 7.8 9.8 3.9 h 6.1 h 2,136 4,155
172 Djibouti .. .. .. .. 64.0 60.7 5.8 6.8 .. .. 1,981 4,441
173 Gambia 0.878 5 0.425 0.484 61.9 59.1 8.7 9.6 2.6 h 4.2 h 1,296 1,790
174 Ethiopia 0.842 5 0.408 0.484 66.6 62.7 7.9 8.8 1.5 k 3.7 k 1,161 1,886
175 Mali 0.786 5 0.385 0.491 58.3 58.6 7.5 9.4 1.7 3.0 1,349 3,071
176 Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 0.832 5 0.390 0.469 60.5 57.6 8.7 10.0 4.0 8.1 599 761
177 Liberia 0.830 5 0.387 0.466 62.2 60.2 9.3 10.6 3.1 6.0 575 788
178 Guinea-Bissau .. .. .. .. 57.3 53.7 .. .. .. .. 1,139 1,603
179 Eritrea .. .. .. .. 66.3 62.0 4.4 5.6 .. .. 1,286 1,693
179 Sierra Leone 0.871 5 0.392 0.451 51.9 50.8 9.1 10.0 2.6 h 4.2 h 1,354 1,708
181 Mozambique 0.879 5 0.391 0.444 56.8 54.0 8.6 9.5 2.5 k 4.6 k 1,016 1,184
181 South Sudan .. .. .. .. 57.1 55.2 3.8 6.3 4.0 j 5.3 j .. ..
183 Guinea 0.784 5 0.364 0.464 59.7 58.7 7.5 10.1 1.5 k 3.9 k 848 1,267
184 Burundi 0.919 4 0.388 0.422 59.2 55.1 10.2 11.1 2.6 e 3.6 e 632 752
185 Burkina Faso 0.874 5 0.375 0.429 60.3 57.6 7.3 8.1 1.0 2.0 1,278 1,800
186 Chad 0.765 5 0.340 0.445 53.0 50.8 5.8 8.8 1.2 3.4 1,581 2,400
187 Niger 0.732 5 0.291 0.397 62.9 61.1 4.7 5.9 1.1 h 2.3 h 481 1,292
188 Central African Republic 0.776 5 0.306 0.395 53.4 49.5 5.8 8.4 2.8 j 5.7 j 482 696
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of) .. .. .. .. 73.9 66.9 11.5 12.5 .. .. .. ..
Marshall Islands .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Monaco .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Nauru .. .. .. .. .. .. 10.2 9.2 .. .. .. ..
San Marino .. .. .. .. .. .. 15.6 14.6 .. .. .. ..
Somalia .. .. .. .. 57.4 54.1 .. .. .. .. 170 418
Tuvalu .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Human development groups
Very high human development 0.980 — 0.881 0.898 82.4 76.6 16.7 16.0 12.1 12.2 29,234 50,284
High human development 0.958 — 0.728 0.760 77.7 73.4 14.1 13.6 7.8 8.3 10,214 17,384
Medium human development 0.871 — 0.582 0.668 70.4 66.8 11.5 11.3 5.6 7.8 3,314 9,131
Low human development 0.849 — 0.455 0.536 60.7 58.0 8.5 10.0 3.6 5.6 1,950 3,365
Developing countries 0.913 — 0.635 0.695 71.9 68.2 11.8 11.9 6.5 7.9 6,053 12,390
Regions
Arab States 0.856 — 0.621 0.726 72.8 69.1 11.4 12.1 5.9 7.6 5,455 23,810
East Asia and the Pacific 0.956 — 0.704 0.736 76.2 72.3 13.3 13.0 7.3 8.0 9,569 14,582
Europe and Central Asia 0.951 — 0.733 0.770 76.3 68.7 13.7 14.0 9.9 10.7 8,453 17,547
Latin America and the Caribbean 0.981 — 0.743 0.757 78.4 72.0 14.7 13.8 8.3 8.3 10,053 18,091
South Asia 0.822 — 0.549 0.667 70.2 67.4 11.3 11.1 4.9 7.8 2,278 9,114
Sub-Saharan Africa 0.877 — 0.488 0.557 60.2 57.6 9.1 10.3 4.5 6.3 2,637 4,165
Least developed countries 0.874 — 0.473 0.541 65.1 62.1 8.9 9.9 3.7 5.2 1,792 2,994
Small island developing states .. — .. .. 72.7 67.9 .. .. .. .. 5,223 9,256
Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development		 0.974 — 0.873 0.896 82.9 77.7 16.2 15.7 11.7 12.0 28,441 47,684
World 0.938 — 0.693 0.738 73.8 69.6 12.4 12.3 7.7 8.8 10,306 18,555

Notes
a. Because disaggregated income data are not available, data are crudely estimated. See Definitions and Technical note 3 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2016_technical_notes.pdf for details on how the Gender Development Index is calculated.
b. Countries are divided into five groups by absolute deviation from gender parity in HDI values.
c. Data refer to 2015 or the most recent year available.
d. In calculating the HDI value, expected years of schooling is capped at 18 years.
e. Updated by HDRO using Barro and Lee (2016) estimates.
f. Updated by HDRO based on data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2016) and Barro and Lee (2016).
g. In calculating the male HDI value, estimated gross national income per capita is capped at $75,000.
h. Based on Barro and Lee (2016).
i. Updated by HDRO based on data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2016).
j. Based on data from United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys for 2006–2015.
k. Updated by HDRO based on data from ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys for 2006-2015.

Definitions
Gender Development Index: Ratio of female to male HDI values. See Technical note 3 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2016_technical_notes.pdf for details on how the Gender Development Index is calculated.
Gender Development Index groups: Countries are divided into five groups by absolute deviation from gender parity in HDI values. Group 1 comprises countries with high equality in HDI achievements between women and men (absolute deviation of less than 2.5 percent); group 2 comprises countries with medium to high equality in HDI achievements between women and men (absolute deviation of 2.5-5 percent); group 3 comprises countries with medium equality in HDI achievements between women and men (absolute deviation of 5-7.5 percent); group 4 comprises countries with medium to low equality in HDI achievements between women and men (absolute deviation of 7.5-10 percent); and group 5 comprises countries with low equality in HDI achievements between women and men (absolute deviation from gender parity of more than 10 percent).
Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic dimensions of human development—a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. See Technical note 1 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2016_technical_notes.pdf for details on how the HDI is calculated.
Life expectancy at birth: Number of years a newborn infant could expect to live if prevailing patterns of age-specific mortality rates at the time of birth stay the same throughout the infant’s life.
Expected years of schooling: Number of years of schooling that a child of school entrance age can expect to receive if prevailing patterns of age-specific enrolment rates persist throughout the child’s life.
Mean years of schooling: Average number of years of education received by people ages 25 and older, converted from educational attainment levels using official durations of each level.
Estimated gross national income per capita: Derived from the ratio of female to male wages, female and male shares of economically active population and GNI (in 2011 purchasing power parity terms). See Technical note 3 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2016_technical_notes.pdf for details.

Main data sources
Column 1: Calculated based on data in columns 3 and 4.
Column 2: Calculated based on data in column 1.
Columns 3 and 4: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2015a), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2016), Barro and Lee (2016), World Bank (2016a), ILO (2016a) and IMF (2016).
Columns 5 and 6: UNDESA (2015a).
Columns 7 and 8: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2016), ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys and UNICEF Multple Indicator Cluster Surveys.
Columns 9 and 10: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2016), Barro and Lee (2016), ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys and UNICEF Multple Indicator Cluster Surveys.
Columns 11 and 12: HDRO calculations based on ILO (2016a), UNDESA (2015a), World Bank (2016a) and IMF (2016).