Table 1. Human Development Index and its components

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Table 1. Human Development Index and its components
SDG 3 SDG 4.3 SDG 4.6 SDG 8.5
Human Development Index
(HDI)		 Life expectancy at birth Expected years of schooling Mean years of schooling Gross national income (GNI) per
capita		 GNI per capita rank minus HDI
rank		 HDI rank
HDI rank Country Value (years) (years) (years) (2011 PPP $)
2017 2017 2017 a 2017 a 2017 2017 2016
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1 Norway 0.953 82.3 17.9 12.6 68,012 5 1
2 Switzerland 0.944 83.5 16.2 13.4 57,625 8 2
3 Australia 0.939 83.1 22.9 b 12.9 43,560 18 3
4 Ireland 0.938 81.6 19.6 b 12.5 c 53,754 8 4
5 Germany 0.936 81.2 17.0 14.1 46,136 13 4
6 Iceland 0.935 82.9 19.3 b 12.4 c 45,810 13 6
7 Hong Kong, China (SAR) 0.933 84.1 16.3 12.0 58,420 2 8
7 Sweden 0.933 82.6 17.6 12.4 47,766 9 7
9 Singapore 0.932 83.2 16.2 d 11.5 82,503 e -6 8
10 Netherlands 0.931 82.0 18.0 12.2 47,900 5 10
11 Denmark 0.929 80.9 19.1 b 12.6 f 47,918 3 10
12 Canada 0.926 82.5 16.4 c 13.3 43,433 10 12
13 United States 0.924 79.5 16.5 13.4 54,941 -2 12
14 United Kingdom 0.922 81.7 17.4 12.9 f 39,116 13 14
15 Finland 0.920 81.5 17.6 12.4 41,002 10 15
16 New Zealand 0.917 82.0 18.9 b 12.5 33,970 18 16
17 Belgium 0.916 81.3 19.8 b 11.8 42,156 6 16
17 Liechtenstein 0.916 80.4 g 14.7 12.5 h 97,336 e,i -15 16
19 Japan 0.909 83.9 15.2 12.8 j 38,986 9 19
20 Austria 0.908 81.8 16.1 12.1 45,415 0 20
21 Luxembourg 0.904 82.0 14.0 12.1 f 65,016 k -13 26
22 Israel 0.903 82.7 15.9 13.0 32,711 13 21
22 Korea (Republic of) 0.903 82.4 16.5 12.1 35,945 8 22
24 France 0.901 82.7 16.4 11.5 39,254 2 23
25 Slovenia 0.896 81.1 17.2 12.2 30,594 12 24
26 Spain 0.891 83.3 17.9 9.8 34,258 7 25
27 Czechia 0.888 78.9 16.9 12.7 30,588 11 27
28 Italy 0.880 83.2 16.3 10.2 f 35,299 3 28
29 Malta 0.878 81.0 15.9 11.3 34,396 3 29
30 Estonia 0.871 77.7 16.1 12.7 28,993 10 30
31 Greece 0.870 81.4 17.3 10.8 24,648 20 30
32 Cyprus 0.869 80.7 14.6 12.1 31,568 4 32
33 Poland 0.865 77.8 16.4 12.3 26,150 12 34
34 United Arab Emirates 0.863 77.4 13.6 10.8 l 67,805 -27 33
35 Andorra 0.858 81.7 g 13.5 d 10.2 47,574 m -18 35
35 Lithuania 0.858 74.8 16.1 13.0 28,314 7 36
37 Qatar 0.856 78.3 13.4 9.8 116,818 e -36 36
38 Slovakia 0.855 77.0 15.0 12.5 29,467 1 39
39 Brunei Darussalam 0.853 77.4 14.5 9.1 j 76,427 e -35 40
39 Saudi Arabia 0.853 74.7 16.9 9.5 f 49,680 -26 38
41 Latvia 0.847 74.7 15.8 12.8 f 25,002 8 43
41 Portugal 0.847 81.4 16.3 9.2 27,315 2 42
43 Bahrain 0.846 77.0 16.0 9.4 l 41,580 -19 41
44 Chile 0.843 79.7 16.4 10.3 21,910 13 44
45 Hungary 0.838 76.1 15.1 11.9 25,393 3 45
46 Croatia 0.831 77.8 15.0 11.3 l 22,162 10 46
47 Argentina 0.825 76.7 17.4 9.9 l 18,461 19 47
48 Oman 0.821 77.3 13.9 9.5 36,290 -19 47
49 Russian Federation 0.816 71.2 15.5 12.0 f 24,233 3 49
50 Montenegro 0.814 77.3 14.9 11.3 f 16,779 19 50
51 Bulgaria 0.813 74.9 14.8 11.8 18,740 13 50
52 Romania 0.811 75.6 14.3 11.0 22,646 2 52
53 Belarus 0.808 73.1 15.5 12.3 16,323 18 54
54 Bahamas 0.807 75.8 12.8 n 11.1 f 26,681 -10 53
55 Uruguay 0.804 77.6 15.9 8.7 19,930 5 56
56 Kuwait 0.803 74.8 13.6 7.3 70,524 -51 55
57 Malaysia 0.802 75.5 13.7 10.2 f 26,107 -11 57
58 Barbados 0.800 76.1 15.3 10.6 o 15,843 k 14 57
58 Kazakhstan 0.800 70.0 15.1 11.8 j 22,626 -3 60
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
60 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.798 76.2 14.9 9.8 19,130 3 61
60 Palau 0.798 73.4 g 15.6 12.3 12,831 28 59
62 Seychelles 0.797 73.7 14.8 9.5 d 26,077 k -15 62
63 Costa Rica 0.794 80.0 15.4 8.8 14,636 15 63
64 Turkey 0.791 76.0 15.2 8.0 24,804 -14 65
65 Mauritius 0.790 74.9 15.1 9.3 j 20,189 -6 64
66 Panama 0.789 78.2 12.7 10.2 j 19,178 -4 66
67 Serbia 0.787 75.3 14.6 11.1 13,019 18 66
68 Albania 0.785 78.5 14.8 10.0 11,886 23 69
69 Trinidad and Tobago 0.784 70.8 12.9 n 10.9 f 28,622 k -28 66
70 Antigua and Barbuda 0.780 76.5 13.2 f 9.2 d 20,764 k -12 70
70 Georgia 0.780 73.4 15.0 12.8 9,186 35 71
72 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.778 74.4 g 14.4 8.4 n 23,978 k -19 72
73 Cuba 0.777 79.9 14.0 11.8 f 7,524 p 43 72
74 Mexico 0.774 77.3 14.1 8.6 16,944 -6 74
75 Grenada 0.772 73.8 16.9 8.7 n 12,864 k 12 75
76 Sri Lanka 0.770 75.5 13.9 10.9 f 11,326 19 76
77 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.768 77.1 14.2 o 9.7 11,716 16 77
78 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 0.761 74.7 14.3 10.3 10,672 k 20 77
79 Brazil 0.759 75.7 15.4 7.8 f 13,755 k 2 79
80 Azerbaijan 0.757 72.1 12.7 q 10.7 15,600 k -7 80
80 Lebanon 0.757 79.8 12.5 8.7 f 13,378 3 82
80 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 0.757 75.9 13.3 9.6 o 12,505 9 81
83 Armenia 0.755 74.8 13.0 11.7 9,144 24 84
83 Thailand 0.755 75.5 14.7 7.6 15,516 -7 86
85 Algeria 0.754 76.3 14.4 8.0 f 13,802 -5 83
86 China 0.752 76.4 13.8 7.8 l 15,270 -9 86
86 Ecuador 0.752 76.6 14.7 8.7 10,347 15 84
88 Ukraine 0.751 72.1 15.0 11.3 l 8,130 24 90
89 Peru 0.750 75.2 13.8 9.2 11,789 3 86
90 Colombia 0.747 74.6 14.4 8.3 12,938 -4 89
90 Saint Lucia 0.747 75.7 13.6 q 8.9 f 11,695 4 91
92 Fiji 0.741 70.4 15.3 f 10.8 j 8,324 k 18 93
92 Mongolia 0.741 69.5 15.5 10.1 10,103 11 92
94 Dominican Republic 0.736 74.0 13.7 7.8 13,921 -15 95
95 Jordan 0.735 74.5 13.1 f 10.4 j 8,288 16 94
95 Tunisia 0.735 75.9 15.1 7.2 l 10,275 k 7 96
97 Jamaica 0.732 76.1 13.1 f 9.8 f 7,846 17 96
98 Tonga 0.726 73.2 14.3 n 11.2 f 5,547 k 37 98
99 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0.723 73.3 13.3 8.6 10,499 k 0 99
100 Suriname 0.720 71.5 12.7 q 8.5 f 13,306 k -16 100
101 Botswana 0.717 67.6 12.6 f 9.3 l 15,534 -26 102
101 Maldives 0.717 77.6 12.6 q 6.3 j 13,567 k -19 102
103 Dominica 0.715 78.0 g 12.7 n 7.8 d 8,344 k 6 101
104 Samoa 0.713 75.2 12.5 d 10.3 d 5,909 k 24 104
105 Uzbekistan 0.710 71.4 12.0 11.5 6,470 19 107
106 Belize 0.708 70.6 12.8 10.5 f 7,166 14 105
106 Marshall Islands 0.708 73.6 g 13.0 d 10.9 5,125 33 ..
108 Libya 0.706 72.1 13.4 n 7.3 l 11,100 k -12 114
108 Turkmenistan 0.706 68.0 10.8 9.8 q 15,594 k -34 106
110 Gabon 0.702 66.5 12.8 q 8.2 q 16,431 -40 109
110 Paraguay 0.702 73.2 12.7 8.4 8,380 -2 108
112 Moldova (Republic of) 0.700 71.7 11.6 11.6 5,554 22 110
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
113 Philippines 0.699 69.2 12.6 9.3 f 9,154 -7 111
113 South Africa 0.699 63.4 13.3 10.1 11,923 -23 111
115 Egypt 0.696 71.7 13.1 7.2 j 10,355 -15 113
116 Indonesia 0.694 69.4 12.8 8.0 10,846 -19 115
116 Viet Nam 0.694 76.5 12.7 o 8.2 o 5,859 14 116
118 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 0.693 69.5 14.0 8.9 6,714 5 116
119 Palestine, State of 0.686 73.6 12.8 9.1 5,055 21 116
120 Iraq 0.685 70.0 11.0 q 6.8 f 17,789 k -53 120
121 El Salvador 0.674 73.8 12.6 6.9 6,868 0 119
122 Kyrgyzstan 0.672 71.1 13.4 10.9 q 3,255 32 121
123 Morocco 0.667 76.1 12.4 5.5 j 7,340 -5 122
124 Nicaragua 0.658 75.7 12.1 6.7 j 5,157 14 123
125 Cabo Verde 0.654 73.0 12.6 6.1 5,983 2 124
125 Guyana 0.654 66.8 11.4 8.4 o 7,447 k -8 124
127 Guatemala 0.650 73.7 10.8 6.5 f 7,278 -8 126
127 Tajikistan 0.650 71.2 11.2 10.4 j 3,317 k 25 127
129 Namibia 0.647 64.9 12.3 q 6.8 j 9,387 -25 128
130 India 0.640 68.8 12.3 6.4 f 6,353 -5 129
131 Micronesia (Federated States of) 0.627 69.3 11.7 d 8.0 d 3,843 k 13 131
132 Timor-Leste 0.625 69.2 12.8 4.5 q 6,846 -10 130
133 Honduras 0.617 73.8 10.2 6.5 4,215 8 132
134 Bhutan 0.612 70.6 12.3 3.1 o 8,065 -21 135
134 Kiribati 0.612 66.5 12.9 7.9 d 3,042 k 22 134
136 Bangladesh 0.608 72.8 11.4 f 5.8 l 3,677 9 138
137 Congo 0.606 65.1 11.4 6.3 l 5,694 -5 133
138 Vanuatu 0.603 72.3 10.9 n 6.8 o 2,995 19 136
139 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0.601 67.0 11.2 5.2 j 6,070 -13 137
140 Ghana 0.592 63.0 11.6 7.1 j 4,096 3 140
141 Equatorial Guinea 0.591 57.9 9.3 n 5.5 q 19,513 -80 139
142 Kenya 0.590 67.3 12.1 q 6.5 j 2,961 16 143
143 Sao Tome and Principe 0.589 66.8 12.5 6.3 f 2,941 k 16 144
144 Eswatini (Kingdom of) 0.588 58.3 11.2 6.5 o 7,620 -29 141
144 Zambia 0.588 62.3 12.5 q 7.0 q 3,557 k 3 141
146 Cambodia 0.582 69.3 11.7 f 4.8 j 3,413 3 146
147 Angola 0.581 61.8 11.8 q 5.1 q 5,790 -16 145
148 Myanmar 0.578 66.7 10.0 4.9 q 5,567 k -15 147
149 Nepal 0.574 70.6 12.2 4.9 j 2,471 12 148
150 Pakistan 0.562 66.6 8.6 5.2 5,311 -14 149
151 Cameroon 0.556 58.6 12.2 6.3 l 3,315 2 150
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
152 Solomon Islands 0.546 71.0 10.2 d 5.5 q 1,872 k 15 151
153 Papua New Guinea 0.544 65.7 10.0 n 4.6 j 3,403 k -3 151
154 Tanzania (United Republic of) 0.538 66.3 8.9 q 5.8 j 2,655 6 154
155 Syrian Arab Republic 0.536 71.0 8.8 5.1 r 2,337 s 8 153
156 Zimbabwe 0.535 61.7 10.3 8.1 1,683 17 155
157 Nigeria 0.532 53.9 10.0 q 6.2 q 5,231 -20 156
158 Rwanda 0.524 67.5 11.2 4.1 f 1,811 11 157
159 Lesotho 0.520 54.6 10.6 6.3 j 3,255 -4 159
159 Mauritania 0.520 63.4 8.6 4.5 j 3,592 -13 159
161 Madagascar 0.519 66.3 10.6 6.1 q 1,358 20 158
162 Uganda 0.516 60.2 11.6 q 6.1 q 1,658 13 162
163 Benin 0.515 61.2 12.6 3.6 o 2,061 2 161
164 Senegal 0.505 67.5 9.7 3.0 2,384 -2 165
165 Comoros 0.503 63.9 11.2 4.8 q 1,399 15 163
165 Togo 0.503 60.5 12.4 q 4.8 q 1,453 14 164
167 Sudan 0.502 64.7 7.4 3.7 j 4,119 -25 165
168 Afghanistan 0.498 64.0 10.4 3.8 j 1,824 0 168
168 Haiti 0.498 63.6 9.3 n 5.3 q 1,665 6 167
170 Côte d'Ivoire 0.492 54.1 9.0 5.2 j 3,481 -22 169
171 Malawi 0.477 63.7 10.8 4.5 j 1,064 14 170
172 Djibouti 0.476 62.6 6.2 4.1 o 3,392 -21 170
173 Ethiopia 0.463 65.9 8.5 f 2.7 q 1,719 -1 173
174 Gambia 0.460 61.4 9.2 3.5 j 1,516 4 173
175 Guinea 0.459 60.6 9.1 2.6 q 2,067 -11 177
176 Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 0.457 60.0 9.8 6.8 f 796 12 176
177 Guinea-Bissau 0.455 57.8 10.5 o 3.0 o 1,552 0 175
178 Yemen 0.452 65.2 9.0 f 3.0 l 1,239 5 172
179 Eritrea 0.440 65.5 5.4 4.0 n 1,750 k -9 178
180 Mozambique 0.437 58.9 9.7 3.5 f 1,093 4 179
181 Liberia 0.435 63.0 10.0 q 4.7 j 667 9 180
182 Mali 0.427 58.5 7.7 2.3 f 1,953 -16 181
183 Burkina Faso 0.423 60.8 8.5 1.5 q 1,650 -7 182
184 Sierra Leone 0.419 52.2 9.8 q 3.5 j 1,240 -2 184
185 Burundi 0.417 57.9 11.7 3.0 q 702 4 183
186 Chad 0.404 53.2 8.0 2.3 q 1,750 -15 185
187 South Sudan 0.388 57.3 4.9 q 4.8 963 k -1 186
188 Central African Republic 0.367 52.9 7.2 f 4.3 j 663 3 187
189 Niger 0.354 60.4 5.4 2.0 j 906 -2 188
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
.. Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of) .. 71.9 12.0 .. .. .. ..
.. Monaco .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
.. Nauru .. .. 10.3 .. 18,573 k .. ..
.. San Marino .. .. 15.1 .. .. .. ..
.. Somalia .. 56.7 .. .. .. .. ..
.. Tuvalu .. .. .. .. 5,888 k .. ..
Human development groups
Very high human development 0.894 79.5 16.4 12.2 40,041 — —
High human development 0.757 76.0 14.1 8.2 14,999 — —
Medium human development 0.645 69.1 12.0 6.7 6,849 — —
Low human development 0.504 60.8 9.4 4.7 2,521 — —
Developing countries 0.681 70.7 12.2 7.3 10,055 — —
Regions
Arab States 0.699 71.5 11.9 7.0 15,837 — —
East Asia and the Pacific 0.733 74.7 13.3 7.9 13,688 — —
Europe and Central Asia 0.771 73.4 14.1 10.3 15,331 — —
Latin America and the Caribbean 0.758 75.7 14.4 8.5 13,671 — —
South Asia 0.638 69.3 11.9 6.4 6,473 — —
Sub-Saharan Africa 0.537 60.7 10.1 5.6 3,399 — —
Least developed countries 0.524 64.8 9.8 4.7 2,506 — —
Small island developing states 0.722 72.3 12.1 8.6 15,113 — —
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 0.895 80.6 16.2 12.0 39,595 — —
World 0.728 72.2 12.7 8.4 15,295 — —

Notes
a. Data refer to 2017 or the most recent year available.
b. In calculating the HDI value, expected years of schooling is capped at 18 years.
c. Based on data from OECD (2017a).
d. Based on data from the national statistical office.
e. In calculating the HDI value, GNI per capita is capped at $75,000.
f. Updated by HDRO based on data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2018).
g. Value from UNDESA (2011).
h. Imputed mean years of schooling for Austria.
i. Estimated using the purchasing power parity (PPP) rate and projected growth rate of Switzerland.
j. Based on Barro and Lee (2016).
k. HDRO estimate based on data from World Bank (2018b) and United Nations Statistics Division (2018b).
l. Updated by HDRO using Barro and Lee (2016) estimates.
m. Estimated using the PPP rate and projected growth rate of Spain.
n. Based on cross-country regression.
o. Updated by HDRO based on data from United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys for 2006-2017.
p. Based on a cross-country regression and the projected growth rate from UNECLAC (2018).
q. Updated by HDRO based on data from ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys for 2006-2017.
r. Updated by HDRO based on Syrian Center for Policy Research (2017).
s. HDRO estimate based on data from World Bank (2018b), United Nations Statistics Division (2018b) and projected growth rates from UNESCWA (2018).

Definitions
Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic dimensions of human development—a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. See Technical note 1 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2018_technical_notes.pdf for details on how the HDI is calculated.
Life expectancy at birth: Number of years a newborn infant could expect to live if prevailing patterns of age-specific mortality rates at the time of birth stay the same throughout the infant’s life.
Expected years of schooling: Number of years of schooling that a child of school entrance age can expect to receive if prevailing patterns of age-specific enrolment rates persist throughout the child’s life.
Mean years of schooling: Average number of years of education received by people ages 25 and older, converted from education attainment levels using official durations of each level.
Gross national income (GNI) per capita: Aggregate income of an economy generated by its production and its ownership of factors of production, less the incomes paid for the use of factors of production owned by the rest of the world, converted to international dollars using PPP rates, divided by midyear population.
GNI per capita rank minus HDI rank: Difference in ranking by GNI per capita and by HDI value. A negative value means that the country is better ranked by GNI than by HDI value.
HDI rank for 2016: Ranking by HDI value for 2016, which was calculated using the same most recently revised data available in 2018 that were used to calculate HDI values for 2017.

Main data sources
Columns 1 and 7: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2017a), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2018), United Nations Statistics Division (2018b), World Bank (2018b), Barro and Lee (2016) and IMF (2018).
Column 2: UNDESA (2017a).
Column 3: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2018), ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys, UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and OECD (2017a).
Column 4: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2018), Barro and Lee (2016), ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys, UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and OECD (2017a).
Column 5: World Bank (2018b), IMF (2018) and United Nations Statistics Division (2018b).
Column 6: Calculated based on data in columns 1 and 5.