Table 1: Human Development Index and its components

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Human Development Index
(HDI)		 Life expectancy at birth Expected years of schooling Mean years of schooling Gross national income (GNI) per
capita		 GNI per capita rank minus HDI
rank		 HDI rank
HDI rank Country Value (years) (years) (years) (2011 PPP $)
2015 2015 2015 a 2015 a 2015 2015 2014
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1 Norway 0.949 81.7 17.7 12.7 67,614 5 1
2 Australia 0.939 82.5 20.4 b 13.2 42,822 19 3
2 Switzerland 0.939 83.1 16.0 13.4 56,364 7 2
4 Germany 0.926 81.1 17.1 13.2 c 45,000 13 4
5 Denmark 0.925 80.4 19.2 b 12.7 44,519 13 6
5 Singapore 0.925 83.2 15.4 d 11.6 78,162 e -3 4
7 Netherlands 0.924 81.7 18.1 b 11.9 46,326 8 6
8 Ireland 0.923 81.1 18.6 b 12.3 43,798 11 8
9 Iceland 0.921 82.7 19.0 b 12.2 c 37,065 20 9
10 Canada 0.920 82.2 16.3 13.1 f 42,582 12 9
10 United States 0.920 79.2 16.5 13.2 53,245 1 11
12 Hong Kong, China (SAR) 0.917 84.2 15.7 11.6 54,265 -2 12
13 New Zealand 0.915 82.0 19.2 b 12.5 32,870 20 13
14 Sweden 0.913 82.3 16.1 12.3 46,251 2 15
15 Liechtenstein 0.912 80.2 g 14.6 12.4 h 75,065 e,i -11 14
16 United Kingdom 0.909 80.8 16.3 13.3 37,931 10 16
17 Japan 0.903 83.7 15.3 12.5 c 37,268 10 17
18 Korea (Republic of) 0.901 82.1 16.6 12.2 34,541 12 18
19 Israel 0.899 82.6 16.0 12.8 31,215 16 19
20 Luxembourg 0.898 81.9 13.9 12.0 62,471 -12 20
21 France 0.897 82.4 16.3 11.6 38,085 4 22
22 Belgium 0.896 81.0 16.6 11.4 41,243 1 21
23 Finland 0.895 81.0 17.0 11.2 f 38,868 1 23
24 Austria 0.893 81.6 15.9 11.3 c 43,609 -4 24
25 Slovenia 0.890 80.6 17.3 12.1 28,664 13 25
26 Italy 0.887 83.3 16.3 10.9 33,573 6 27
27 Spain 0.884 82.8 17.7 9.8 32,779 7 26
28 Czech Republic 0.878 78.8 16.8 12.3 28,144 11 28
29 Greece 0.866 81.1 17.2 10.5 24,808 16 29
30 Brunei Darussalam 0.865 79.0 14.9 9.0 f 72,843 -25 30
30 Estonia 0.865 77.0 16.5 12.5 c 26,362 12 31
32 Andorra 0.858 81.5 g 13.5 d 10.3 47,979 j -18 32
33 Cyprus 0.856 80.3 14.3 11.7 29,459 4 34
33 Malta 0.856 80.7 14.6 11.3 29,500 3 35
33 Qatar 0.856 78.3 13.4 9.8 129,916 e -32 33
36 Poland 0.855 77.6 16.4 11.9 24,117 11 36
37 Lithuania 0.848 73.5 16.5 12.7 26,006 7 37
38 Chile 0.847 82.0 16.3 9.9 21,665 16 38
38 Saudi Arabia 0.847 74.4 16.1 9.6 51,320 -26 38
40 Slovakia 0.845 76.4 15.0 12.2 26,764 1 40
41 Portugal 0.843 81.2 16.6 8.9 26,104 2 41
42 United Arab Emirates 0.840 77.1 13.3 k 9.5 c 66,203 -35 42
43 Hungary 0.836 75.3 15.6 12.0 23,394 6 43
44 Latvia 0.830 74.3 16.0 11.7 f 22,589 7 44
45 Argentina 0.827 76.5 17.3 9.9 f 20,945 l 12 45
45 Croatia 0.827 77.5 15.3 11.2 20,291 14 46
47 Bahrain 0.824 76.7 14.5 k 9.4 m 37,236 -19 46
48 Montenegro 0.807 76.4 15.1 11.3 n 15,410 24 49
49 Russian Federation 0.804 70.3 15.0 12.0 23,286 1 48
50 Romania 0.802 74.8 14.7 10.8 19,428 11 51
51 Kuwait 0.800 74.5 13.3 7.3 76,075 e -48 50
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
52 Belarus 0.796 71.5 15.7 12.0 15,629 19 51
52 Oman 0.796 77.0 13.7 8.1 m 34,402 -21 53
54 Barbados 0.795 75.8 15.3 10.5 n 14,952 20 54
54 Uruguay 0.795 77.4 15.5 8.6 19,148 8 54
56 Bulgaria 0.794 74.3 15.0 10.8 c 16,261 13 57
56 Kazakhstan 0.794 69.6 15.0 11.7 f 22,093 -3 56
58 Bahamas 0.792 75.6 12.7 k 10.9 21,565 -3 58
59 Malaysia 0.789 74.9 13.1 10.1 24,620 -13 59
60 Palau 0.788 72.9 g 14.3 12.3 k 13,771 21 62
60 Panama 0.788 77.8 13.0 9.9 19,470 0 60
62 Antigua and Barbuda 0.786 76.2 13.9 9.2 k 20,907 -4 61
63 Seychelles 0.782 73.3 14.1 9.4 k 23,886 -15 63
64 Mauritius 0.781 74.6 15.2 9.1 17,948 1 64
65 Trinidad and Tobago 0.780 70.5 12.7 o 10.9 28,049 -25 64
66 Costa Rica 0.776 79.6 14.2 8.7 14,006 14 66
66 Serbia 0.776 75.0 14.4 10.8 12,202 22 66
68 Cuba 0.775 79.6 13.9 11.8 m 7,455 p 48 69
69 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.774 75.6 14.8 8.8 f 16,395 -2 68
70 Georgia 0.769 75.0 13.9 12.2 8,856 38 71
71 Turkey 0.767 75.5 14.6 7.9 18,705 -7 72
71 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 0.767 74.4 14.3 9.4 15,129 2 70
73 Sri Lanka 0.766 75.0 14.0 10.9 f 10,789 21 72
74 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.765 74.0 g 13.7 8.4 k 22,436 -22 75
75 Albania 0.764 78.0 14.2 9.6 10,252 24 75
76 Lebanon 0.763 79.5 13.3 8.6 m 13,312 8 74
77 Mexico 0.762 77.0 13.3 8.6 16,383 -9 77
78 Azerbaijan 0.759 70.9 12.7 11.2 16,413 -12 77
79 Brazil 0.754 74.7 15.2 7.8 14,145 -1 79
79 Grenada 0.754 73.6 15.8 8.6 k 11,502 13 80
81 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.750 76.6 14.2 9.0 10,091 22 82
82 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 0.748 75.5 12.9 9.4 n 12,405 5 83
83 Algeria 0.745 75.0 14.4 7.8 c 13,533 -1 84
84 Armenia 0.743 74.9 12.7 11.3 8,189 28 85
84 Ukraine 0.743 71.1 15.3 11.3 f 7,361 34 81
86 Jordan 0.741 74.2 13.1 10.1 10,111 15 85
87 Peru 0.740 74.8 13.4 9.0 11,295 6 89
87 Thailand 0.740 74.6 13.6 7.9 14,519 -11 88
89 Ecuador 0.739 76.1 14.0 8.3 10,536 6 87
90 China 0.738 76.0 13.5 7.6 c 13,345 -7 91
91 Fiji 0.736 70.2 15.3 k 10.5 f 8,245 20 91
92 Mongolia 0.735 69.8 14.8 9.8 m 10,449 4 93
92 Saint Lucia 0.735 75.2 13.1 9.3 m 9,791 14 90
94 Jamaica 0.730 75.8 12.8 9.6 f 8,350 16 94
95 Colombia 0.727 74.2 13.6 7.6 c 12,762 -10 95
96 Dominica 0.726 77.9 g 12.8 k 7.9 m 10,096 6 95
97 Suriname 0.725 71.3 12.7 8.3 m 16,018 -27 97
97 Tunisia 0.725 75.0 14.6 7.1 c 10,249 3 97
99 Dominican Republic 0.722 73.7 13.2 7.7 12,756 -13 101
99 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0.722 73.0 13.3 m 8.6 k 10,372 -1 99
101 Tonga 0.721 73.0 14.3 m 11.1 5,284 33 101
102 Libya 0.716 71.8 13.4 k 7.3 c 14,303 -25 100
103 Belize 0.706 70.1 12.8 10.5 7,375 14 103
104 Samoa 0.704 73.7 12.9 d 10.3 d 5,372 27 104
105 Maldives 0.701 77.0 12.7 o 6.2 q 10,383 -8 105
105 Uzbekistan 0.701 69.4 r 12.2 12.0 m 5,748 21 108
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
107 Moldova (Republic of) 0.699 71.7 11.8 11.9 5,026 31 105
108 Botswana 0.698 64.5 12.6 9.2 c 14,663 -33 107
109 Gabon 0.697 64.9 12.6 8.1 q 19,044 -46 109
110 Paraguay 0.693 73.0 12.3 8.1 8,182 3 110
111 Egypt 0.691 71.3 13.1 7.1 f 10,064 -7 111
111 Turkmenistan 0.691 65.7 10.8 9.9 k 14,026 -32 111
113 Indonesia 0.689 69.1 12.9 7.9 10,053 -8 113
114 Palestine, State of 0.684 73.1 12.8 8.9 5,256 21 115
115 Viet Nam 0.683 75.9 12.6 8.0 c 5,335 18 115
116 Philippines 0.682 68.3 11.7 9.3 8,395 -7 114
117 El Salvador 0.680 73.3 13.2 6.5 7,732 -3 115
118 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 0.674 68.7 13.8 8.2 6,155 6 118
119 South Africa 0.666 57.7 13.0 10.3 12,087 -30 119
120 Kyrgyzstan 0.664 70.8 13.0 10.8 c 3,097 32 120
121 Iraq 0.649 69.6 10.1 k 6.6 n 11,608 -30 121
122 Cabo Verde 0.648 73.5 13.5 4.8 k 6,049 3 122
123 Morocco 0.647 74.3 12.1 5.0 f 7,195 -4 123
124 Nicaragua 0.645 75.2 11.7 6.5 f 4,747 16 124
125 Guatemala 0.640 72.1 10.7 6.3 7,063 -4 126
125 Namibia 0.640 65.1 11.7 6.7 f 9,770 -18 126
127 Guyana 0.638 66.5 10.3 8.4 c 6,884 -5 125
127 Micronesia (Federated States of) 0.638 69.3 11.7 k 9.7 d 3,291 22 126
129 Tajikistan 0.627 69.6 11.3 10.4 q 2,601 30 129
130 Honduras 0.625 73.3 11.2 6.2 4,466 11 130
131 India 0.624 68.3 11.7 6.3 c 5,663 -4 131
132 Bhutan 0.607 69.9 12.5 3.1 n 7,081 -12 132
133 Timor-Leste 0.605 68.5 12.5 4.4 q 5,371 l -1 133
134 Vanuatu 0.597 72.1 10.8 o 6.8 n 2,805 23 134
135 Congo 0.592 62.9 11.1 6.3 c 5,503 -7 135
135 Equatorial Guinea 0.592 57.9 9.2 k 5.5 q 21,517 -79 137
137 Kiribati 0.588 66.2 11.9 7.8 k 2,475 23 136
138 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0.586 66.6 10.8 5.2 n 5,049 -2 137
139 Bangladesh 0.579 72.0 10.2 5.2 c 3,341 8 140
139 Ghana 0.579 61.5 11.5 6.9 f 3,839 5 140
139 Zambia 0.579 60.8 12.5 6.9 f 3,464 7 139
142 Sao Tome and Principe 0.574 66.6 12.0 5.3 3,070 12 142
143 Cambodia 0.563 68.8 10.9 4.7 q 3,095 10 143
144 Nepal 0.558 70.0 12.2 4.1 n 2,337 19 144
145 Myanmar 0.556 66.1 9.1 m 4.7 f 4,943 -6 146
146 Kenya 0.555 62.2 11.1 6.3 f 2,881 10 147
147 Pakistan 0.550 66.4 8.1 5.1 5,031 -10 148
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
148 Swaziland 0.541 48.9 11.4 6.8 n 7,522 -33 149
149 Syrian Arab Republic 0.536 69.7 9.0 5.1 s 2,441 t 13 145
150 Angola 0.533 52.7 11.4 5.0 q 6,291 -27 150
151 Tanzania (United Republic of) 0.531 65.5 8.9 5.8 2,467 10 152
152 Nigeria 0.527 53.1 10.0 6.0 q 5,443 -23 151
153 Cameroon 0.518 56.0 10.4 6.1 c 2,894 2 154
154 Papua New Guinea 0.516 62.8 9.9 k 4.3 f 2,712 4 153
154 Zimbabwe 0.516 59.2 10.3 7.7 1,588 20 158
156 Solomon Islands 0.515 68.1 9.6 m 5.3 d 1,561 19 155
157 Mauritania 0.513 63.2 8.5 4.3 f 3,527 -12 155
158 Madagascar 0.512 65.5 10.3 6.1 n 1,320 25 157
159 Rwanda 0.498 64.7 10.8 3.8 1,617 14 162
160 Comoros 0.497 63.6 11.1 4.8 q 1,335 22 160
160 Lesotho 0.497 50.1 10.7 6.1 f 3,319 -12 161
162 Senegal 0.494 66.9 9.5 2.8 m 2,250 3 163
163 Haiti 0.493 63.1 9.1 k 5.2 c 1,657 9 164
163 Uganda 0.493 59.2 10.0 5.7 m 1,670 8 165
165 Sudan 0.490 63.7 7.2 3.5 3,846 -22 165
166 Togo 0.487 60.2 12.0 4.7 q 1,262 18 167
167 Benin 0.485 59.8 10.7 3.5 c 1,979 1 168
168 Yemen 0.482 64.1 9.0 3.0 c 2,300 -4 159
169 Afghanistan 0.479 60.7 10.1 3.6 f 1,871 1 169
170 Malawi 0.476 63.9 10.8 4.4 f 1,073 16 170
171 Côte d'Ivoire 0.474 51.9 8.9 5.0 f 3,163 -20 172
172 Djibouti 0.473 62.3 6.3 4.1 k 3,216 -22 171
173 Gambia 0.452 60.5 8.9 3.3 f 1,541 3 173
174 Ethiopia 0.448 64.6 8.4 2.6 q 1,523 5 174
175 Mali 0.442 58.5 8.4 2.3 2,218 -9 175
176 Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 0.435 59.1 9.8 6.1 680 15 178
177 Liberia 0.427 61.2 9.9 4.4 f 683 13 177
178 Guinea-Bissau 0.424 55.5 9.2 m 2.9 k 1,369 3 179
179 Eritrea 0.420 64.2 5.0 3.9 k 1,490 1 181
179 Sierra Leone 0.420 51.3 9.5 3.3 f 1,529 -1 176
181 Mozambique 0.418 55.5 9.1 3.5 q 1,098 4 182
181 South Sudan 0.418 56.1 4.9 4.8 n 1,882 -12 179
183 Guinea 0.414 59.2 8.8 2.6 q 1,058 4 182
184 Burundi 0.404 57.1 10.6 3.0 c 691 5 184
185 Burkina Faso 0.402 59.0 7.7 1.4 q 1,537 -8 185
186 Chad 0.396 51.9 7.3 2.3 n 1,991 -19 186
187 Niger 0.353 61.9 5.4 1.7 f 889 1 187
188 Central African Republic 0.352 51.5 7.1 4.2 n 587 4 188
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of) .. 70.5 12.0 .. .. .. ..
Marshall Islands .. .. .. .. 4,412 .. ..
Monaco .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Nauru .. .. 9.7 k .. 12,058 .. ..
San Marino .. .. 15.1 .. 50,063 .. ..
Somalia .. 55.7 .. .. 294 .. ..
Tuvalu .. .. .. .. 5,395 .. ..
Human development groups
Very high human development 0.892 79.4 16.4 12.2 39,605 — —
High human development 0.746 75.5 13.8 8.1 13,844 — —
Medium human development 0.631 68.6 11.5 6.6 6,281 — —
Low human development 0.497 59.3 9.3 4.6 2,649 — —
Developing countries 0.668 70.0 11.8 7.2 9,257 — —
Regions
Arab States 0.687 70.8 11.7 6.8 14,958 — —
East Asia and the Pacific 0.720 74.2 13.0 7.7 12,125 — —
Europe and Central Asia 0.756 72.6 13.9 10.3 12,862 — —
Latin America and the Caribbean 0.751 75.2 14.1 8.3 14,028 — —
South Asia 0.621 68.7 11.3 6.2 5,799 — —
Sub-Saharan Africa 0.523 58.9 9.7 5.4 3,383 — —
Least developed countries 0.508 63.6 9.4 4.4 2,385 — —
Small island developing states 0.667 70.3 11.5 8.1 7,303 — —
Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development		 0.887 80.3 15.9 11.9 37,916 — —
World 0.717 71.6 12.3 8.3 14,447 — —

Notes
a. Data refer to 2015 or the most recent year available.
b. In calculating the HDI value, expected years of schooling is capped at 18 years.
c. Updated by HDRO using Barro and Lee (2016) estimates.
d. Based on data from the national statistical office.
e. In calculating the HDI value, GNI per capita is capped at $75,000.
f. Based on Barro and Lee (2016).
g. Value from UNDESA (2011).
h. Calculated as the average of mean years of schooling for Austria and Switzerland.
i. Estimated using the purchasing power parity (PPP) rate and projected growth rate of Switzerland.
j. Estimated using the PPP rate and projected growth rate of Spain.
k. Based on cross-country regression.
l. HDRO estimate based on data from World Bank (2016a) and United Nations Statistics Division (2016a).
m. Updated by HDRO based on data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2016).
n. Based on data from United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys for 2006–2015.
o. Updated by HDRO based on data from ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys for 2006-2015.
p. Based on a cross-country regression and the projected growth rate from UNECLAC (2016).
q. Based on data from ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys for 2006-2015.
r. Value from WHO (2016).
s. Updated by HDRO based on Syrian Center for Policy Research (2016).
t. Based on projected growth rates from UNESCWA (2016) and World Bank (2016a).

Definitions
Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic dimensions of human development—a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. See Technical note 1 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2016_technical_notes.pdf for details on how the HDI is calculated.
Life expectancy at birth: Number of years a newborn infant could expect to live if prevailing patterns of age-specific mortality rates at the time of birth stay the same throughout the infant’s life.
Expected years of schooling: Number of years of schooling that a child of school entrance age can expect to receive if prevailing patterns of age-specific enrolment rates persist throughout the child’s life.
Mean years of schooling: Average number of years of education received by people ages 25 and older, converted from education attainment levels using official durations of each level.
Gross national income (GNI) per capita: Aggregate income of an economy generated by its production and its ownership of factors of production, less the incomes paid for the use of factors of production owned by the rest of the world, converted to international dollars using PPP rates, divided by midyear population.
GNI per capita rank minus HDI rank: Difference in ranking by GNI per capita and by HDI value. A negative value means that the country is better ranked by GNI than by HDI value.
HDI rank for 2014: Ranking by HDI value for 2014, which was calculated using the same most recently revised data available in 2016 that were used to calculate HDI values for 2015.

Main data sources
Columns 1 and 7: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2015a), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2016), United Nations Statistica Division (2016a), World Bank (2016a), Barro and Lee (2016) and IMF (2016).
Column 2: UNDESA (2015a).
Column 3: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2016), ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys and UNICEF Multple Indicator Cluster Surveys.
Column 4: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2016), Barro and Lee (2016), ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys and UNICEF's Multple Indicator Cluster Surveys.
Column 5: World Bank (2016a), IMF (2016) and United Nations Statistica Division (2016a).
Column 6: Calculated based on data in columns 1 and 5.