Copy and paste the code below, or use the file export link (if available for that format).

@article{
  author = {Nagendra, Harini},
  title = {Heterogeneity and Collective Action for Forest Management},
  journal = {UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)},
  year = {2011},
  location = {New York},
  URL = {},
  abstract = {Heterogeneity influences the likelihood of collective action for forest management. Theoretical examinations, focusing largely on economic heterogeneity, suggest that heterogeneity increases the likelihood of collective action. Field research however indicates that heterogeneity, whether in economic, social, or other dimensions, presents a challenge for collective action with variations in perceptions of costs and benefits amongst different groups, high transaction costs faced by the disadvantaged, decrease in trust because of differences in power hierarchies, and challenges posed by differences in resource access. The costs of collective action tend to be disproportionately borne by the poor, by women, and artisanal castes who are especially dependent on forest products. Elite capture of benefits of community action can also further exacerbate relative poverty and inequity. These challenges can be dealt with effectively by strong local institutions and federations. Governments and donor agencies have had mixed success in addressing heterogeneity, largely due to a tendency to engage in blueprint thinking, seeking standardized large scale solutions.}
}

AU - Nagendra, Harini
TI - Heterogeneity and Collective Action for Forest Management
PT - Journal Article
DP - 2011
TA - UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)
AB - Heterogeneity influences the likelihood of collective action for forest management. Theoretical examinations, focusing largely on economic heterogeneity, suggest that heterogeneity increases the likelihood of collective action. Field research however indicates that heterogeneity, whether in economic, social, or other dimensions, presents a challenge for collective action with variations in perceptions of costs and benefits amongst different groups, high transaction costs faced by the disadvantaged, decrease in trust because of differences in power hierarchies, and challenges posed by differences in resource access. The costs of collective action tend to be disproportionately borne by the poor, by women, and artisanal castes who are especially dependent on forest products. Elite capture of benefits of community action can also further exacerbate relative poverty and inequity. These challenges can be dealt with effectively by strong local institutions and federations. Governments and donor agencies have had mixed success in addressing heterogeneity, largely due to a tendency to engage in blueprint thinking, seeking standardized large scale solutions.

%0 Journal Article
%A Nagendra, Harini
%T Heterogeneity and Collective Action for Forest Management
%D 2011
%J UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)
%U ,
%X Heterogeneity influences the likelihood of collective action for forest management. Theoretical examinations, focusing largely on economic heterogeneity, suggest that heterogeneity increases the likelihood of collective action. Field research however indicates that heterogeneity, whether in economic, social, or other dimensions, presents a challenge for collective action with variations in perceptions of costs and benefits amongst different groups, high transaction costs faced by the disadvantaged, decrease in trust because of differences in power hierarchies, and challenges posed by differences in resource access. The costs of collective action tend to be disproportionately borne by the poor, by women, and artisanal castes who are especially dependent on forest products. Elite capture of benefits of community action can also further exacerbate relative poverty and inequity. These challenges can be dealt with effectively by strong local institutions and federations. Governments and donor agencies have had mixed success in addressing heterogeneity, largely due to a tendency to engage in blueprint thinking, seeking standardized large scale solutions.

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nagendra, Harini
TI  - Heterogeneity and Collective Action for Forest Management
PY  - 2011
JF  - UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)
UR  - ,
AB  - Heterogeneity influences the likelihood of collective action for forest management. Theoretical examinations, focusing largely on economic heterogeneity, suggest that heterogeneity increases the likelihood of collective action. Field research however indicates that heterogeneity, whether in economic, social, or other dimensions, presents a challenge for collective action with variations in perceptions of costs and benefits amongst different groups, high transaction costs faced by the disadvantaged, decrease in trust because of differences in power hierarchies, and challenges posed by differences in resource access. The costs of collective action tend to be disproportionately borne by the poor, by women, and artisanal castes who are especially dependent on forest products. Elite capture of benefits of community action can also further exacerbate relative poverty and inequity. These challenges can be dealt with effectively by strong local institutions and federations. Governments and donor agencies have had mixed success in addressing heterogeneity, largely due to a tendency to engage in blueprint thinking, seeking standardized large scale solutions.

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Heterogeneity and Collective Action for Forest Management
AU  - Nagendra, Harini
PY  - 2011
JF  - UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)
UR  - ,
AB  - Heterogeneity influences the likelihood of collective action for forest management. Theoretical examinations, focusing largely on economic heterogeneity, suggest that heterogeneity increases the likelihood of collective action. Field research however indicates that heterogeneity, whether in economic, social, or other dimensions, presents a challenge for collective action with variations in perceptions of costs and benefits amongst different groups, high transaction costs faced by the disadvantaged, decrease in trust because of differences in power hierarchies, and challenges posed by differences in resource access. The costs of collective action tend to be disproportionately borne by the poor, by women, and artisanal castes who are especially dependent on forest products. Elite capture of benefits of community action can also further exacerbate relative poverty and inequity. These challenges can be dealt with effectively by strong local institutions and federations. Governments and donor agencies have had mixed success in addressing heterogeneity, largely due to a tendency to engage in blueprint thinking, seeking standardized large scale solutions.