Composite Indices
The human development composite indices have been developed to capture broader dimensions of human development, identify groups falling behind in human progress and monitor the distribution of human development. In addition to the HDI, the indices include Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI), Gender Inequality Index (GII), Gender Development Index (GDI), Planetary pressures-adjusted HDI (PHDI) and Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI).
Gender Indices
Two gender composite metrics: the Gender Development Index (GDI), measures disparities on the HDI by gender and Gender Inequality Index (GII), measures gender inequality using three dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment and the labour market.
The GSNI assesses the impact of social beliefs on gender equality across four dimensions, including political, educational, economic, and physical integrity. It draws upon data from 91 countries, encompassing the World Values Survey waves 5 (2005-2009), 6 (2010-2014), and 7 (2017-2022), with the latest update reflecting information as of 12 January 2023.
Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)
MPI identifies multiple deprivations at the household level in health, education and standard of living.
Inequality-Adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)
The IHDI adjusts the Human Development Index (HDI) for inequality in the distribution of each dimension across the population.
Planetary Pressures-adjusted Human Development Index (PHDI)
PHDI is an experimental index that adjusts the Human Development Index (HDI) for planetary pressures in the Anthropocene. The PHDI discounts the HDI for pressures on the planet to reflect a concern for intergenerational inequality, similar to the Inequality-adjusted HDI adjustment which is motivated by a concern for intragenerational inequality. It is computed as the product of the HDI and (1 – index of planetary pressures) where (1 – index of planetary pressures) can be seen as an adjustment factor.