From Vulnerability to Sustainability

Mongolia is at the biting edge of the tension between economic growth and environmental conservation. Debates have become somewhat polarised between these two perspectives. The concept of human development – i.e., putting people at the centre of development, can help in connecting economic growth processes with environmental conservation priorities. From a human development perspective, both economic growth and environmental conservation are not ends but means to improving the well-being of people. There are numerous candidate issues that can be included in a discussion on ‘environmental challenges’. However, it will be more productive and effective to examine some key environmental challenges using human development approach and develop recommendations for policy and practice. On the basis of consultations and discussions with various stakeholders, key issues have been identified. Separate papers currently being developed covering these key issues and will be used for preparing the NHDR 2010 of Mongolia.